POUCH CONTAINMENT SYSTEM FOR THERMAL PROTECTION USING FIRE RETARDANT OR EXTINGUISHING MATERIALS
This disclosure describes a battery device with at least two battery cells and a stainless-steel foil pouch located between the battery cells. The stainless-steel foil pouch holds fire retardant materials that prevent and/or delay thermal propagation.
1 . A battery safety system, comprising:
a chamber configured for placement between a plurality of battery cells, wherein:
the chamber comprises a fire-retardant composition configured to suppress combustion during a thermal runaway event,
the chamber comprises a hermetically sealed metallic pouch having welded seams and being configured to contain the fire-retardant composition.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the fire-retardant composition comprises a plurality of mica flakes, a plurality of rubber particles, or a wood flour.
3 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the chamber comprises a metal enclosure filled with a fire-retardant fluid and additives.
4 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the fire-retardant composition comprises a gel or a polymer to form a fire-resistant hydrogel.
5 . The system of claim 1 , wherein a fire-retardant layer is distributed across one or more gaps between the plurality of battery cells.
6 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the chamber is formed from stainless steel or carbon steel with a corrosion-resistant coating.
7 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the fire-retardant composition expands volumetrically when heated to create cell separation.
8 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is applied across battery submodules, modules, and pack enclosures.
9 . The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the fire-retardant composition comprises one more of water, bicarbonate salts, water-absorbing polymers, HFC-227ea, C6F12O, NH4H2PO4, and phosphorus-based compounds.
10 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the fire-retardant composition is housed in a sealed pouch.
11 . A method, comprising:
forming a fire-retardant composition configured to suppress combustion during a thermal runaway event; and
filling a chamber between a plurality of battery cells with the fire-retardant composition, wherein:
filling the chamber comprises sealing the fire-retardant composition within a welded metallic pouch positioned between the battery cells, and
the fire-retardant composition expands or gasifies under thermal stress to create physical separation between the battery cells.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein forming the fire-retardant composition comprises adding one or more of a plurality of mica flakes, a plurality of rubber particles, and a wood flour.
13 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the chamber comprises a metal enclosure filled with a fire-retardant fluid and additives.
14 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the fire-retardant composition comprises a gel or a polymer to form a fire-resistant hydrogel.
15 . The method of claim 11 , wherein filling a chamber comprises distributing a fire-retardant layer across one or more gaps between the plurality of battery cells.
16 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the chamber is formed from stainless steel or carbon steel with a corrosion-resistant coating.
17 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the fire-retardant composition expands volumetrically when heated to create cell separation.
18 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the method is applied across battery submodules, modules, and pack enclosures.
19 . The method of claim 11 , wherein:
the fire-retardant composition comprises one more of water, bicarbonate salts, water-absorbing polymers, HFC-227ea, C6F12O, NH4H2PO4, and phosphorus-based compounds.
20 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the fire-retardant composition is housed in a sealed pouch.