Variable rate liquid spring suspension system exhibiting low variance in suspension frequency
A suspension system configured to exhibit low variance in vehicle ride frequency over a large range of vehicle loads. The suspension system includes a strut having a cylinder and a piston configured to reciprocate in the cylinder. The suspension system also includes a vessel coupled to the strut, and a valve in an interior chamber of the vessel. The valve divides the interior chamber into a first liquid volume and a second liquid volume. The suspension system also includes a hydraulic accumulator having a volume and a liquid volume. The suspension system further includes a compressible liquid in the cylinder, the first liquid volume in the vessel, and the second liquid volume in the vessel, and a spring element in the volume of the hydraulic accumulator.
1 . A suspension system configured to exhibit low variance in ride frequency over a range of load conditions, the suspension system comprising:
a strut comprising:
a cylinder; and
a piston configured to reciprocate in the cylinder;
a vessel coupled to the strut, the vessel defining an interior chamber;
a rate valve in the interior chamber of the vessel, the rate valve dividing the interior chamber into a first liquid volume and a second liquid volume;
a hydraulic accumulator comprising a volume and a liquid volume;
a compressible liquid in the cylinder, the first liquid volume in the vessel, and the second liquid volume in the vessel; and
a spring element in the volume of the hydraulic accumulator,
wherein the suspension system is configured to select a position of the rate valve.
2 . The suspension system of claim 1 , wherein the rate valve is selected to move between an open configuration and at least a partially closed configuration.
3 . The suspension system of claim 1 , wherein the rate valve is selected to move between an open configuration in which the compressible liquid in the first liquid volume is in fluid communication with the compressible liquid in the second liquid volume, and a closed configuration in which the compressible liquid in the first liquid volume is isolated from the compressible liquid in the second liquid volume.
4 . The suspension system of claim 1 , wherein the rate valve is selected to move between an open configuration, a partially closed configuration, and a fully closed configuration.
5 . The suspension system of claim 1 , wherein the rate valve is selected to move between a partially closed configuration and a fully closed configuration.
6 . The suspension system of claim 1 , wherein a first spring function exhibited by the compressible liquid in the cylinder, the first liquid volume, and the second liquid volume is in series with a second spring function exhibited by the spring element in the hydraulic accumulator.
7 . The suspension system of claim 1 , wherein the hydraulic accumulator is a floating-piston type accumulator comprising a floating piston in the vessel, and wherein the liquid volume of the floating-piston type accumulator is the first liquid volume of the vessel.
8 . The suspension system of claim 1 , wherein the hydraulic accumulator is a bladder-type accumulator comprising a bladder separating the volume from the liquid volume, and wherein the liquid volume of the bladder-type accumulator is separate from the first liquid volume of the vessel.
9 . The suspension system of claim 1 , wherein the hydraulic accumulator is remote from the strut and the vessel.
10 . The suspension system of claim 1 , wherein the hydraulic accumulator is integral with the vessel.
11 . The suspension system of claim 1 , wherein the spring element in the volume of the hydraulic accumulator comprises gas.
12 . The suspension system of claim 11 , wherein the gas is nitrogen.
13 . The suspension system of claim 12 , wherein the nitrogen is pressurized.
14 . The suspension system of claim 11 , further comprising a gas fill valve coupled to the hydraulic accumulator and in communication with the volume.
15 . The suspension system of claim 1 , wherein the spring element in the volume of the hydraulic accumulator is selected from the group consisting of a gas, a compressible liquid, a mechanical spring element, and combinations thereof.
16 . A vehicle comprising the suspension system of claim 1 .