VACUUM INSULATED PANEL WITH EDGE SEAL
A vacuum insulating panel includes first and second substrates (e.g., glass substrates), a hermetic edge seal, a pump-out port, and spacers sandwiched between at least the two substrates. The gap between the substrates may be at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure to provide insulating properties. The vacuum insulating panel may include a multi-layer edge seal structure, including at least one layer including boron oxide (e.g., B 2 O 3 or any other stoichiometry).
1 - 45 . (canceled)
46 . A vacuum insulating panel comprising:
a first substrate;
a second substrate;
a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second substrates, wherein the gap is at pressure less than atmospheric pressure;
a seal provided at least partially between at least the first and second substrates, the seal comprising a seal layer comprising from about 20-65 mol % boron oxide and having a bridging oxygen (BO) content of at least about 80%.
47 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 46 , wherein the seal layer has a bridging oxygen (BO) content of at least about 85%.
48 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 46 , wherein the seal layer has a bridging oxygen (BO) content of at least about 89%.
49 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 46 , wherein the seal layer further comprises from about 1-20 mol % bismuth oxide, and the seal layer comprises at least two times more boron oxide than bismuth oxide in terms of mol %.
50 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 46 , wherein the seal further comprises another seal layer comprising from about 40-70 wt. % tellurium oxide.
51 . (canceled)
52 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 46 , wherein the boron oxide comprises B 2 O 3 .
53 . (canceled)
54 . A vacuum insulating panel comprising:
a first substrate;
a second substrate;
at least one spacer provided in a gap between at least the first and second substrates, wherein the gap is at pressure less than atmospheric pressure;
a seal provided at least partially between at least the first and second substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer and a second seal layer;
wherein the second seal layer comprises boron oxide and bismuth oxide, wherein the second seal layer comprises at least four times as much boron oxide as bismuth oxide in terms of mol %, and
wherein the second seal layer comprises from about 1-12 mol % bismuth oxide, at least about 48 mol % boron oxide, and from about 15-35 mol % silicon oxide.
55 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 54 , wherein the first seal layer comprises from about 40-70 wt. % tellurium oxide.
56 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 54 , wherein the second seal layer further comprises from about 4-11 mol % titanium oxide.
57 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 54 , wherein the second seal layer comprises from about 4-9 mol % bismuth oxide.
58 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 54 , wherein the first and second seal layers are substantially lead-free.
59 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 54 , wherein the second seal layer comprises elements in the following order of mol % magnitude on an elemental basis: B>Si>Bi.
60 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 54 , wherein the second seal layer comprises elements in the following order of mol % magnitude on an elemental basis: B>Si>Bi>Ti.
61 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 54 , wherein the first seal layer is a main seal layer, and the second seal layer is a primer layer.
62 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 54 , wherein the seal further comprises a third seal layer, the first seal layer being located between at least the second and third seal layers, and wherein the third seal layer comprises boron oxide and bismuth oxide and comprises at least four times more boron oxide than bismuth oxide in terms of mol %.
63 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 54 , the second seal layer has a melting point (Tm) at least 100 degrees C. higher than a melting point of the first seal layer.
64 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 54 , wherein the first and second substrates comprise tempered glass substrates or heat strengthened glass substrates.
65 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 54 , wherein the second seal layer has a bridging oxygen (BO) content of at least about 80%.
66 . The vacuum insulating panel of claim 46 , wherein the second seal layer has a bridging oxygen (BO) content of at least about 85%.