DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS FOR CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY
The present technology generally includes devices, systems, and methods for providing electrical stimulation to the left ventricle of a human heart in a patient suffering from Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB). In particular, the present technology includes an implantable receiver-stimulator and an implantable controller-transmitter for leadless electrical stimulation of the heart. The receiver-stimulator can include one or more sensors capable of detecting the electrical conduction of the heart and the receiver-stimulator can be configured to pace the stimulation of the left ventricle based off the sensed electrical conduction to achieve synchronization of the left and right ventricles.
1 . A method of controlling stimulation of a left ventricle of a heart of a human subject, the method comprising:
sensing an initiation of an electrical signal to contract a right ventricle of the heart by detecting an onset of a QRS segment; and
emitting acoustic energy in response to the sensed initiation of the electrical signal to contract the right ventricle,
wherein the acoustic energy is directed toward a receiver-stimulator implanted within or adjacent the left ventricle, and
wherein emitting the acoustic energy improves contraction synchronization of the left ventricle and a right ventricle of the heart by causing the receiver-stimulator to deliver electrical stimulation to the left ventricle.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein sensing the initiation of the electrical signal to contract the right ventricle comprises sensing the initiation of the electrical signal in substantially real-time.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein sensing the initiation of the electrical signal to contract the right ventricle comprises sensing the initiation of the electrical signal with a delay of less than about 5 milliseconds, less than about 4 milliseconds, less than about 3 milliseconds, less than about 2 milliseconds, or less than about 1 millisecond.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the predefined duration is less than about 10 milliseconds.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the predefined duration is about 1 millisecond, about 2 milliseconds, about 3 milliseconds, about 4 milliseconds, about 5 milliseconds, about 10 milliseconds, about 20 milliseconds, about 30 milliseconds, about 40 milliseconds, about 50 milliseconds, about 60 milliseconds, about 70 milliseconds, about 80 milliseconds, about 90 milliseconds, about 100 milliseconds, about 110 milliseconds, or about 120 milliseconds.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein sensing the initiation of the electrical signal to contract the right ventricle comprises sensing the initiation of the electrical signal via one or more sensors of a controller-transmitter implanted inside the human subject.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein:
sensing the initiation of the electrical signal comprises sensing consecutive electrical signals corresponding to consecutive QRS segments; and
emitting the acoustic energy causes the receiver-stimulator to stimulate the left ventricle in consecutive cycles to mimic a heartbeat.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein emitting the acoustic energy comprises emitting the acoustic signal via a transducer of a controller-transmitter implanted inside the human subject.
9 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising converting acoustic energy received by the receiver-stimulator to the electrical energy.