Apparatus for modifying and measuring diamond and other workpiece surfaces with nanoscale precision
Apparatus and techniques are provided for modifying and measuring surfaces of diamond workpieces and other workpieces with nanoscale precision. The apparatus and techniques exploit scanning probe microscopy (SPM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) at a wide range of operating temperatures. In some embodiments, the SPM/AFM apparatus also includes an interferometric microscope and/or acoustic-wave microscope for making high-precision measurements of workpiece surfaces.
1. A scanning probe microscopy (SPM) system for making a modification to an object, the SPM system comprising:
a sample stage adapted to hold an object to be modified;
a cantilever disposed above the sample stage;
an SPM probe mounted on the cantilever and configured to perform nanolapping on the object, thereby modifying the object;
a positioning system configured to position the SPM probe with respect to the object held on the sample stage, wherein the sample stage and the positioning system are each thermally insulated, wherein respective temperatures of the sample stage and the positioning system are separately controllable, and wherein the object is held at a temperature greater than 30° C. or less than 10° C. during the nanolapping; and
an enclosure substantially surrounding the stage, the SPM probe, the cantilever and the positioning system, wherein the enclosure provides thermal isolation for the SPM system.
2. The SPM system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the SPM probe comprises a tip, the tip being comprised of a material having a carbon chemical or solubility affinity.
3. The SPM system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the material having a carbon chemical or solubility affinity is selected from a group consisting of manganese, titanium, and iron.
4. The SPM system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the SPM probe comprises a tip, the tip being comprised of a material having an affinity for hydrogen.
5. The SPM system as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the material having an affinity for hydrogen is selected from a group consisting of diamond, titanium, and platinum.
6. The SPM system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the object is held at a temperature near absolute zero during the nanolapping.
7. The SPM system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the object to be nanolapped is made at least in part of diamond.