Inductive filter and method of reducing vibration sensitivity
View Patent ↗A filter according to a present invention embodiment reduces the effects of microphonic behavior in a communications network. The filter passes a network signal, while filtering out unwanted voiceband leakage (e.g., emissions of plaintext voice signals) due to microphonic behavior of the network equipment. The filter employs inductive units each including at least two inductive elements connected in series and arranged to cancel current within the inductive elements induced by vibrations and/or sound pressure (or acoustic) waves in the surrounding environment, thereby reducing extraneous signals produced within the filter (e.g., signals produced from microphonic behavior that may be in the form of perceivable voice or audio, noise, etc.). The filter reduces the extraneous signals in active and passive modes, and prevents compromise of secure or sensitive information (e.g., in the form of perceivable voice or audio) due to microphonic behavior of filter elements.
1. A filter unit comprising:
a filter including at least one stage, wherein each stage includes:
a first capacitive element; and
a first inductive unit coupled to said first capacitive element and reducing extraneous signals generated by said filter, wherein said first inductive unit includes:
a plurality of inductive elements connected in series with each including windings disposed about a core and inducing an extraneous signal current to produce an induced extraneous signal current therein in response to at least one of vibration and sound waves; and
a signal flow path connecting said windings of said plurality of inductive elements and arranged to direct said induced extraneous signal currents from at least two of said inductive elements in opposing directions to collectively cancel said extraneous signal currents induced in said plurality of inductive elements to reduce said extraneous signals generated by said filter.
2. The filter unit of claim 1 , wherein said first inductive unit of each said stage is coupled between said first capacitive element and a ground potential, and each said stage further includes:
a second capacitive element; and
a second inductive unit coupled between said second capacitive element and said ground potential, wherein said second inductive unit includes a plurality of said inductive elements each inducing a second extraneous signal current to produce a second induced extraneous signal current therein in response to at least one of said vibration and sound waves, and a second signal flow path, wherein at least two of said inductive elements and said second signal flow path direct said second induced extraneous signal current in opposing directions to collectively cancel said second induced extraneous signal currents within said second inductive unit and reduce said extraneous signals generated by said filter.
3. The filter unit of claim 2 , wherein each said stage further includes:
a third capacitive element coupled to said first inductive unit; and
a fourth capacitive element coupled to said second inductive unit.
4. The filter unit of claim 3 , further including:
a device connector to couple said filter unit to a communications device; and
a network connector to couple said filter unit to a network access connector accessing a network.
5. The filter unit of claim 4 , wherein:
said filter is coupled between said device connector and said network connector to filter signals traveling from said network to said communications device; and
said filter unit further includes:
a second one of said filter coupled between said device connector and said network connector to filter signals traveling from said communications device to said network.
6. The filter unit of claim 5 , wherein said filter and said second filter include a corner frequency in the range of 80 kHz-100 kHz.
7. The filter unit of claim 5 , wherein each of said capacitive elements includes a capacitance of 27 nanoFarads, and each of said inductive units includes an inductance of 94 microHenrys.
8. The filter unit of claim 1 , wherein said extraneous signal includes at least one of noise and audio signals.
9. The filter unit of claim 1 , wherein said at least two inductive elements include windings in the same direction.
10. The filter unit of claim 1 , wherein said at least two inductive elements include windings in the opposite direction.
11. A filter unit comprising:
a filter including at least one stage, wherein each stage includes:
a first capacitive element; and
a first inductive unit coupled to said first capacitive element and reducing extraneous signals generated by said filter, wherein said first inductive unit includes:
a plurality of inductive elements each including windings disposed about a core and inducing an extraneous signal current to produce an induced extraneous signal current therein in response to at least one of vibration and sound waves; and
a signal flow path between said plurality of inductive elements, wherein said signal flow path directs said induced extraneous signal currents of at least two of said inductive elements in opposing directions to collectively cancel said extraneous signal currents induced in said plurality of inductive elements to reduce said extraneous signals generated by said filter;
wherein said filter unit is disposed between a communications device and a network and receives an input signal including a network signal and an extraneous voiceband signal induced by said communications device.
12. The filter unit of claim 11 , wherein said network signal includes a frequency greater than a frequency of said extraneous voiceband signal, and said filter processes said input signal to block said extraneous voiceband signal and pass said network signal.
13. A method of reducing extraneous signals generated by a filter unit including a filter with at least one stage, wherein each stage includes a first capacitive element and a first inductive unit coupled to said first capacitive element and including a plurality of inductive elements connected in series with each including windings disposed about a core and inducing an extraneous signal current to produce an induced extraneous signal current therein in response to at least one of vibration and sound waves, and a signal flow path connecting said windings of said plurality of inductive elements, said method comprising:
(a) arranging at least two of said inductive elements connected in series and said signal flow path connecting said windings within said first inductive unit to direct said induced extraneous signal currents from said at least two inductive elements in opposing directions to collectively cancel said extraneous signal currents induced in said plurality of inductive elements to reduce said extraneous signals generated by said filter.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein said first inductive unit of each said stage is coupled between said first capacitive element and a ground potential, and each said stage further includes a second capacitive element, and a second inductive unit coupled between said second capacitive element and said ground potential, wherein said second inductive unit includes a plurality of said inductive elements each inducing a second extraneous signal current to produce a second induced extraneous signal current therein in response to at least one of said vibration and sound waves, and a second signal flow path, and said method further includes:
(b) arranging at least two of said inductive elements and said second signal flow path within said second inductive unit to direct said second induced extraneous signal currents in opposing directions to collectively cancel said second induced extraneous signal currents within said second inductive unit and reduce said extraneous signals generated by said filter.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein each said stage further includes a third capacitive element coupled to said first inductive unit, and a fourth capacitive element coupled to said second inductive unit, and step (a) further includes:
(a.1) disposing a device connector on said filter unit to couple said filter unit to a communications device; and
(a.2) disposing a network connector on said filter unit to couple said filter unit to a network access connector accessing a network.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein said filter unit further includes a second one of said filter, and said filter and said second filter are coupled between said device connector and said network connector, and said method further includes:
(c) filtering signals traveling from said network to said communications device via said filter; and
(d) filtering signals traveling from said communications device to said network via said second filter.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein said filter and said second filter include a corner frequency in the range of 80 kHz-100 kHz.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein each of said capacitive elements includes a capacitance of 27 nanoFarads, and each of said inductive units includes an inductance of 94 microHenrys.
19. The method of claim 13 , wherein said extraneous signal includes at least one of noise and audio signals.
20. The method of claim 13 , wherein said at least two inductive elements include windings in the same direction.
21. The method of claim 13 , wherein said at least two inductive elements include windings in the opposite direction.
22. A method of reducing extraneous signals generated by a filter unit including a filter with at least one stage, wherein each stage includes a first capacitive element and a first inductive unit coupled to said first capacitive element and including a plurality of inductive elements each including windings disposed about a core and inducing an extraneous signal current to produce an induced extraneous signal current therein in response to at least one of vibration and sound waves, and a signal flow path between said plurality of inductive elements, said method comprising:
(a) arranging at least two of said inductive elements and said signal flow path within said first inductive unit to direct said induced extraneous signal currents of said at least two inductive elements in opposing directions to collectively cancel said extraneous signal currents induced in said plurality of inductive elements to reduce said extraneous signals generated by said filter, wherein said filter unit is disposed between a communications device and a network; and said method further includes:
(b) receiving an input signal at said filter including an extraneous voiceband signal induced by said communications device and a network signal including a frequency greater than a frequency of said extraneous voiceband signal, and processing said input signal to block said extraneous voiceband signal and pass said network signal.