Charge injection and transport layers
View Patent ↗Compositions for use in hole transporting layers (HTLs) or hole injection layers (HILs) are provided, as well as methods of making the compositions and devices fabricated from the compositions. OLED devices can be made. The compositions comprise at least one conductive conjugated polymer, at least one semiconducting matrix component that is different from the conductive conjugated polymer, and an optional dopant, and are substantially free of an insulating matrix component.
1. A composition comprising:
(a) at least one conductive conjugated polymer;
(b) at least one semiconducting matrix component that is different from the conductive conjugated polymer in (a); and
(c) optionally, at least one dopant;
wherein the composition comprises less than about 3% (w/w) of an insulating matrix component.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the dopant is present and the composition consists essentially of the conductive conjugated polymer, the semiconducting matrix component, and the dopant.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises less than about 0.1% (w/w) of the insulating matrix component.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the conductive conjugated polymer comprises a polythiophene, which optionally is a regioregular polythiophene.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises about 1 wt % to about 99 wt % conductive conjugated polymer with respect to the total amount of conductive conjugated polymer, semiconducting matrix component, and dopant, if present.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the semiconducting matrix component is a semiconducting polymer.
7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the semiconducting polymer comprises a polyaromatic polymer or a polyvinyl aromatic polymer.
8. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the semiconducting polymer comprises polyvinyl naphthalene, polyvinyl anthracene, or polyvinyl carbazole.
9. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the semiconducting polymer comprises polyanthracene or polynaphthalene.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the semiconducting matrix component comprises a polymer having one or more repeat units comprising a hole transport compound.
11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the semiconducting matrix component is a semiconducting small molecule.
12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the semiconducting matrix component is a hole transporting compound.
13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the semiconducting matrix component is a polycyclic aromatic compound selected from anthracene, naphthalene and fluorene.
14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the semiconducting matrix component is a triarylamine.
15. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises about 1 wt % to about 99 wt % semiconducting matrix component with respect to the total amount of conductive conjugated polymer, semiconducting matrix component, and dopant, if present.
16. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the dopant is present, and the dopant is a redox dopant.
17. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the dopant is present and the dopant is a redox dopant selected from quinones, boranes, carbocations, boratetraazapentalenes, aminium or ammonilium salts, sulfonium salts, oxonium salts, selenonoium salts, nitrosonium salts, arsonium salts, phosphonium salts, iodonium salts, metal salts, and combinations thereof.
18. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the dopant is present and the dopant is a photoacid.
19. The composition of claim 18 , wherein the dopant is photoacid that is an iodonium salt represented by
wherein independently R 1 is an optionally substituted aryl group, independently R 2 is an optionally substituted aryl group, and X − is an anion.
20. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the iodonium salt is selected from 4-isopropyl-4′-methyldiphenyliodonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenylborate) (IMDPIB(PhF 5 ) 4 ), diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPIPF 6 ), diphenyliodonium paratoluene sulfonate (DPITos), bis-(4-tert-butylphenyl)iodonium trifluoromethane sulfonate ( t BDPITFSO 3 ), and diphenyliodonium perfluoro-1-butane sulfonate (DPIPFBSO 3 ).
21. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least one dopant.
22. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising an organic solvent.
23. A composition comprising:
(a) at least one conductive conjugated polymer;
(b) at least one semiconducting matrix component that is different from the conductive conjugated polymer in (a);
(c) a solvent; and
(d) optionally, at least one dopant;
wherein the composition comprises less than 3% (w/w) of an insulating matrix component.
24. The composition of claim 23 , wherein the composition comprises less than about 1% (w/w) of the insulating matrix component.
25. The composition of claim 23 , wherein the composition consists essentially of the conductive conjugated polymer, the semiconducting matrix polymer, the organic solvent, and the dopant.
26. A device comprising a hole transport layer or a hole injection layer comprising:
(a) at least one conductive conjugated polymer;
(b) at least one semiconducting matrix component that is different from the conductive conjugated polymer in (a); and
(c) optionally, at least one dopant;
wherein the hole transport layer or hole injection layer comprises less than about 3% (w/w) of an insulating matrix component.
27. The device of claim 26 , wherein the device has an efficiency of at least 4.00% cd/A.
28. The device of claim 26 , wherein the hole transport layer or hole injection layer comprises less than about 1% (w/w) of the insulating matrix component.
29. The device of claim 26 , wherein the hole transport layer or hole injection layer is about 60 nm to about 200 nm thick.
30. The device of claim 26 , wherein the hole transport layer or hole injection layer is substantially transparent to visible light.
31. The device of claim 26 , wherein the conductive conjugated polymer is a polythiophene.
32. The device of claim 26 , wherein the conductive conjugated polymer is a regioregular polythiophene, the semiconducting matrix component is a semiconducting small molecule, and the dopant is a redox dopant.
33. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the polythiophene is a regioregular polythiophene.
34. A composition comprising:
(a) at least one conductive conjugated polymer;
(b) at least one semiconducting matrix component that is different from the conductive conjugated polymer in (a); and
(c) optionally, at least one dopant;
wherein the composition comprises less than 5% (w/w) of an insulating matrix component.
35. The composition of claim 34 , wherein the dopant comprises an optionally substituted tetraarylborate anion.
36. The composition of claim 35 , wherein the dopant comprises a tetrakis(pentafluorophenylborate) anion.
37. The composition of claim 35 , wherein the dopant comprises silver salt.
38. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the dopant is present and the dopant is covalently attached to the conductive conjugated polymer.
39. The composition of claim 38 , wherein the conductive conjugated polymer is sulfonated.
40. The composition of claim 38 , wherein the conductive conjugated polymer is a sulfonated regioregular poly(3-substituted)thiophene.