Lithium extraction composition and method of preparation thereof
This invention relates to a particulate extraction material for the extraction of lithium from a geothermal brine or lithium containing solution. The particulate material includes an inorganic or polymer based substrate that includes a lithium aluminum intercalate layer applied to the exterior of the substrate, wherein the lithium aluminum intercalate layer is operable to capture lithium ions from solution.
1. A composition for the recovery of lithium from a lithium containing solution comprising:
a substrate having a lithium aluminum intercalate coating applied to the surface thereof, wherein the coating is applied by contacting a polyaluminum hydroxyl halide solution and the substrate in the presence of alkali metal hydroxide, thereby precipitating the lithium aluminum intercalate onto the substrate surface.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of an inorganic material or a polymeric material.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the substrate is porous.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the substrate has an average particle size of less than about 500 μm and an average pore size of less than about 5 μm.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the ratio of alumina to lithium is between about 1:0.1 and 1:0.6.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the substrate is diatomaceous earth.
7. A method for preparing a composition for the recovery of lithium from a lithium containing solution, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
providing a particle substrate;
contacting the substrate with poly aluminum hydroxyl halide to form an alumina coated particle substrate; and
intercalating a lithium salt into the alumina coating on the particle substrate to form a lithium aluminum intercalate.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the particle substrate is selected from the group consisting of inorganic and polymeric material.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the particle substrate is porous.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the particle substrate is diatomaceous earth.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the particle substrate is aluminum oxide or boehmite.
12. The method of claim 7 , wherein the particle substrate is iron oxide.
13. The method of claim 7 , wherein the particle substrate is a polymer or resin-based material.
14. The method of claim 7 , wherein the particles are formed by extrusion.
15. The method of claim 7 , wherein the particle substrate comprises a polymer or resin-based material.
16. The method of claim 7 , wherein the polyaluminum hydroxyl halide has a general formula, Al 2 (OH) a (X) b , wherein the halide X is selected from the group consisting of fluoride, bromide, chloride and iodide, and wherein a and b are each between about 0.5-5.5, and wherein the sum of a and b is 6.
17. The method of claim 7 , wherein a is between about 3 and 6 and b is between about 0.5 and 3, and wherein the sum of a and b is 6.
18. The method of claim 7 , further comprising pre-treating the particle substrate with a surface modifier, wherein the surface modifier is operable to increase the bonding affinity between particle substrate and polyaluminum hydroxyl chloride.
19. The method of claim 7 , wherein the halide is chlorine.
20. The method of claim 7 , wherein the lithium salt intercalated into the poly aluminum hydroxyl chloride coating is lithium chloride.
21. The method of claim 7 , wherein the step of intercalating the lithium salt into the polyaluminum hydroxyl halide coating comprises the steps of
contacting the polyaluminum hydroxyl halide coating with an alkali hydroxide, and
then optionally contacting the coating with lithium chloride.
22. A method for the removal and recovery of lithium from a lithium containing solution, comprising the steps of:
contacting the lithium containing solution with a granular extraction material, said granular extraction material comprising a porous inorganic substrate having a lithium aluminum intercalate coating applied thereto, wherein the step of contacting the lithium containing solution and the lithium aluminum intercalate coated substrate results in the removal of at least a portion of the lithium present in the lithium containing solution and the capture of said lithium by said coating; and
recovering the captured lithium by washing the granular extraction material with a wash water.
23. The method of claim 22 wherein said wash water has a lithium concentration of less than about 200 ppm.