Distributed call routing in a VoIP system
A distributed call routing system and method are used to provide higher quality VoIP connections with flexible codec choices and simplified NAT and firewall traversal. An analog telephone adapter (ATA) communicates a call destination to a network information server (NIS), which provides multiple routes. The ATA uses this information and local and/or non-NIS information to initiate the call using the preferred routing.
1. A system for controlling the routing of VoIP calls that originate at subscriber sites, the system comprising:
a network information server (NIS) located at a provider site distinct from the subscriber sites, the NIS having a database of information helpful to optimally routing calls to their respective destinations;
an analog telephone adapter (ATA) located at a subscriber site, the ATA having a network connector to allow the ATA to receive calls from and place calls to a packet network, the ATA being configured to:
communicate, via the network connector, a call destination to the NIS;
receive, via the network connector, information from the NIS relevant to routing of the call, the information including a plurality of possible routes;
thereafter, determine the ultimate route of the call based on the plurality of possible routes derived from the information from the NIS and at least one other possible route not derived from information from the NIS; and
initiate the call using the preferred routing.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one other possible route is determined based on a condition local to the ATA.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one other possible route is determined based on information received from a network resource other than the NIS.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein the ATA includes a connection to a PSTN line, which when invoked by the ATA, can be used to complete a call.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein the ATA has a local network connection, thereby allowing additional devices on the network to initiate and terminate calls that are routed through the ATA, thereby allowing multiple simultaneous calls to be routed.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein the NIS includes a mechanism to determine what phone numbers are local to the phone number of the ATA.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein the NIS includes a mechanism to authenticate the originating ATA.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein the NIS includes a mechanism to determine what termination gateways or services are available to terminate a call.
9. The system of claim 1 wherein the NIS includes a mechanism to determine the IP address of a route that can properly handle calls to special phone numbers.
10. A method, performed by an analog telephone adapter (ATA) located at a subscriber site, for controlling the routing of VoIP calls, the method comprising:
the ATA determining the destination of a call on the basis of input signals;
the ATA requesting routing information for the destination from a network information server (NIS) located at a provider site distinct from the subscriber site, the NIS having a database of information helpful to optimally routing calls to their respective destinations;
the ATA ascertaining one or more non-NIS conditions relevant to routing of the call;
the ATA receiving multiple candidate IP addresses from the NIS;
the ATA thereafter determining a preferred routing of the call based on the IP addresses received from the NIS and the one or more non-NIS conditions; and
the ATA initiating the call using the preferred routing.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the input signals originate from user input to a connected telephony device.
12. The method of claim 10 wherein the one or more non-NIS conditions include a condition local to the ATA.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the condition local to the ATA is the presence of a PSTN connection.
14. The method of claim 12 wherein the condition local to the ATA is the capability to use a transmission medium other than the VoIP network.
15. The method of claim 10 wherein the one or more non-NIS conditions include information received from a network resource other than the NIS.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the information received from a network resource other than the NIS includes an indication that a receiving ATA requires a particular audio format to receive a call.
17. The method of claim 15 wherein the information received from a network resource other than the NIS includes an indication that a receiving ATA is currently unavailable to receive a call over IP.
18. The method of claim 10 wherein the one or more non-NIS conditions include:
a condition local to the ATA; and
information received from a network resource other than the NIS.