Fluid dispersion unit with directional component vector
A valve-tray assembly and method for lighter fluid heavier fluid contact towers. The active area of the tray is constructed with valves having multiple lighter fluid discharge areas facilitating improved mass transfer efficiency. The valves include first and second support legs oriented in line with the heavier fluid flow with both legs and the valve top constructed with apertures wherein the heavier fluid may flow into engagement with the lighter fluid passing from beneath the tray up, through and out of the valve.
1. A tray valve assembly for a process column of a type wherein a first, heavier fluid flows downwardly from a downcomer onto a tray and thereacross in a first direction through which a second, lighter fluid flows upwardly therethrough for interaction and mass transfer with the first, heavier fluid before passing therefrom, the tray valve assembly comprising:
a plurality of tray apertures formed on a surface of the tray for facilitating the second, lighter fluid flow upwardly therethrough;
a plurality of valves disposed across the surface of the tray and mounted in association with the plurality of tray apertures formed on the surface of the tray, at least one valve of the plurality of valves comprising:
a top surface;
a downstream securement leg coupled to the top surface;
at least one valve aperture formed in the downstream securement leg to facilitate the second, lighter fluid flow therefrom;
a deflector tab disposed with the at least one valve aperture, the deflector tab being pivoted outwardly from the downstream securement leg until the deflector tab is at least substantially parallel with the top surface, the deflector tab being pivoted about an upper edge of the at least one valve aperture;
a second valve aperture formed on the top surface;
a second deflector tab disposed with the second valve aperture; and
the deflector tab and an orientation of the at least one valve on the tray allowing the second, lighter fluid to be injected into the first, heavier fluid passing over the at least one valve aperture for promoting directional flow of the first, heavier fluid therewith in at least one direction.
2. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 , wherein:
the at least one valve in the plurality of valves further comprises an upstream securement leg extending outwardly from the top surface;
a third valve aperture is formed on the upstream securement leg; and
a third deflector tab, the third deflector tab is disposed with the third valve aperture on the upstream securement leg.
3. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 wherein the plurality of valves comprise:
a third valve aperture, the third valve aperture formed on the top surface; and
a third deflector tab disposed with the third valve aperture on the top surface.
4. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one direction is substantially parallel to the first direction.
5. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one direction is oriented between 0 and 180 degrees relative to the first direction.
6. The tray valve assembly of claim 5 , wherein the at least one direction is approximately orthogonal to the first direction.
7. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one valve is a floating valve that is movably mounted within and over one of the plurality of tray apertures.
8. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 , wherein the deflector tab is adapted to allow flow of the first, heavier fluid in the first direction to be interrupted to facilitate mixing of the second, lighter fluid therewith.
9. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one valve in the plurality of valves comprises more than one of the plurality of valves.
10. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 , wherein the deflector tab is substantially rectangular in shape.
11. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 , wherein the deflector tab is substantially round in shape.
12. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 , wherein the top surface is substantially rectangular in shape.
13. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 , wherein the top surface is substantially round in shape.
14. The tray valve assembly of claim 1 , wherein the top surface is substantially trapezoidal in shape.
15. A method of mixing a first, heavier fluid flowing downwardly from a downcomer onto a tray and thereacross in a first direction with a second, lighter fluid flowing upwardly therethrough for interaction and mass transfer with the first, heavier fluid before passing therefrom, the method comprising:
forming, on a surface of the tray, a plurality of tray apertures for facilitating the second, lighter fluid flow upwardly therethrough;
disposing, in association with the plurality of apertures formed on the surface of the tray, a plurality of valves, at least one valve of the plurality of valves comprising:
a top surface; and
a downstream securement leg coupled to the top surface:
forming, in the downstream securement leg of the at least one valve of the plurality of valves, at least one valve aperture to facilitate the second, lighter fluid flow therefrom;
disposing, on the downstream securement leg, a deflector tab disposed with the at least one valve aperture and being pivoted outwardly from the downstream securement leg until the deflector tab is at least substantially parallel with the top surface, the deflector tab being pivoted about an upper edge of the at least one valve aperture;
forming, in the top surface, a second valve aperture;
disposing, with the second valve aperture, a second deflector tab; and
allowing, via the deflector tab and an orientation of the at least one valve on the tray, the second, lighter fluid to be injected into the first, heavier fluid passing over the at least one valve aperture to promote directional flow of the first, heavier fluid therewith in at least one direction.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising allowing, via the deflector tab, flow of the first, heavier fluid in the first direction to be interrupted to facilitate mixing of the second, lighter fluid therewith.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein:
the at least one valve in the plurality of valves further comprises an upstream securement leg extending outwardly from the top surface;
the one or more valve apertures further comprise a third valve aperture, the third valve aperture being formed on the upstream securement leg; and
the one or more deflector tabs further comprise a third deflector tab, the third deflector tab being disposed with the third valve aperture on the upstream securement leg.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein:
the one or more valve apertures further comprise a third valve aperture, the third valve aperture being formed on the top surface; and
the one or more deflector tabs further comprise a third deflector tab, the third deflector tab being disposed with the third valve aperture on the top surface.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one direction is substantially parallel to the first direction.
20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one direction is different from the first direction.
21. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one valve is a floating valve that is movably mounted within and over one of the plurality of tray apertures.
22. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one valve in the plurality of valves comprises more than one of the plurality of valves.
23. The method of claim 15 , wherein the deflector tab is substantially rectangular in shape.
24. The method of claim 15 , wherein the deflector tab is substantially round in shape.
25. A valve for use in a tray valve assembly for a process column of a type wherein a first, heavier fluid flows downwardly from a downcomer onto a tray and thereacross in a first direction through which a second, lighter fluid flows upwardly therethrough for interaction and mass transfer with the first, heavier fluid before passing therefrom, the valve comprising:
a body comprising:
a top surface; and
a downstream securement leg coupled to the top surface;
at least one valve aperture formed in the downstream securement leg to facilitate the second, lighter fluid flow therefrom;
a deflector tab disposed with the at least one valve aperture and being pivoted outwardly from the downstream securement leg until the deflector tab is at least substantially parallel with the top surface, the deflector tab being pivoted about an upper edge of the at least one valve aperture;
a second valve aperture formed in the top surface;
a second deflector tab disposed with the second valve aperture on the top surface; and
the deflector tab and the at least one valve aperture being adapted to allow the second, lighter fluid to be injected into the first, heavier fluid passing over the at least one valve aperture for promoting directional flow of the first, heavier fluid therewith in at least one direction.
26. The valve of claim 25 , comprising:
a third valve aperture, the third valve aperture being formed on the top surface; and
a third deflector tab, the third deflector tab being disposed with the third valve aperture on the top surface.
27. The valve of claim 25 , comprising:
an upstream securement leg extending outwardly from the top surface;
a third valve aperture, the third valve aperture being formed on the upstream securement leg; and
a third deflector tab, the third deflector tab being disposed with the third valve aperture on the upstream securement leg.
28. The valve of claim 25 , wherein:
the one or more valve apertures further comprise a third valve aperture, the third valve aperture being formed on the top surface; and
the one or more deflector tabs further comprise a third deflector tab, the third deflector tab being disposed with the third valve aperture on the top surface.
29. The valve of claim 25 , wherein the at least one valve is a floating valve.
30. The valve of claim 25 , wherein the deflector tab is adapted to allow the flow of the first, heavier fluid in the first direction to be interrupted to facilitate mixing of the second, lighter fluid therewith.
31. The valve of claim 25 , wherein the deflector tab is substantially rectangular in shape.
32. The valve of claim 25 , wherein the deflector tab is substantially round in shape.
33. The valve of claim 25 , wherein the top surface is substantially rectangular in shape.
34. The valve of claim 25 , wherein the top surface is substantially round in shape.
35. The valve of claim 25 , wherein the top surface is substantially trapezoidal in shape.