Phased array radar system with specular multipath mitigation

1. A phased array radar system, comprising:

an array antenna including a plurality of transmit/receive (T/R) modules;

one or more receiver/exciters and one or more computer processors in communication with the plurality of T/R modules; and

a memory in communication with the one or more computer processors and storing program instructions, the one or more computer processors operative with the program instructions to:

generate a first control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause one or more of the plurality of T/R modules to transmit a first radio frequency (RF) pulse of a first center frequency from a first portion of the antenna array at a first elevation angle of less than 10 degrees,

generate a second control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause one or more of the plurality of T/R modules to transmit a second RF pulse of a second center frequency, distinct from the first center frequency, from the first portion of the antenna array at a second elevation angle of less than 10 degrees;

generate a third control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause one or more of the plurality of T/R modules to transmit a third RF pulse of a third center frequency from a second portion of the antenna array at a third elevation angle of less than 10 degrees,

generate a fourth control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause one or more of the plurality of T/R modules to transmit a fourth RF pulse of a fourth center frequency, distinct from the third center frequency, from the second portion of the antenna array at a fourth elevation angle of less than 10 degrees;

non-coherently integrate received return signals originating from the first, second, third and fourth RF pulses; and

perform target detection processing on the integrated received return signals.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second RF pulses comprises a waveform modulation that is distinct from that of at least one of the third and fourth RF pulses.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein each of the first and second RF pulses comprises a waveform modulation that is distinct from each waveform modulation of the third and fourth pulses.

4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the center frequencies of the first and second RF pulses are equal to the center frequencies of the third and fourth RF pulses.

5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the one or more computer processors is further operative with the program instructions to:

generate a fifth control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause one or more of the plurality of T/R modules to transmit a fifth RF pulse of a fifth frequency from the first portion of the antenna array; and

generate a sixth control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause one or more of the plurality of T/R modules to transmit a sixth RF pulse of a sixth frequency from the second portion of the antenna array; and

wherein the first frequency is selected to be at or near a minimum radar operating frequency of the system,

wherein the second frequency is selected to be at or near a maximum radar operating frequency of the system, and

wherein the fifth frequency is selected to be intermediate the first frequency and the second frequency.

6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the first and third frequencies are equal, wherein the second and fourth frequencies are equal, and wherein the fifth and sixth frequencies are equal.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second center frequencies are not equal to the third and fourth center frequencies.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, third and fourth RF pulses are transmitted within a single pulse repetition interval (PRI) of the system.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the antenna array is defined by a first subset of the plurality of T/R modules, and the second portion of the antenna array is defined by a second subset of the plurality of T/R modules.

10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more computer processors is further operative with the program instructions to estimate a range and elevation angle for a target detected in the integrated received return signals.

11. A phased array radar system, comprising:

an array antenna including a plurality of transmit/receive (T/R) modules;

one or more receiver/exciters and one or more computer processors in communication with the plurality of T/R modules; and

a memory in communication with the one or more computer processors and storing program instructions, the one or more computer processors operative with the program instructions to:

generate a first control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause one or more of the plurality of T/R modules to transmit a first radio frequency (RF) pulse of a first center frequency from a first portion of the antenna array,

generate a second control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause one or more of the plurality of T/R modules to transmit a second RF pulse of a second center frequency, distinct from the first center frequency, from the first portion of the antenna array;

generate a third control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause one or more of the plurality of T/R modules to transmit a third RF pulse of a third center frequency from a second portion of the antenna array,

generate a fourth control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause one or more of the plurality of T/R modules to transmit a fourth RF pulse of a fourth center frequency, distinct from the third center frequency, from the second portion of the antenna array;

non-coherently integrate received return signals originating from the first, second, third and fourth RF pulses; and

perform target detection processing on the integrated received return signals;

wherein the one or more computer processors is further operative with the program instructions to estimate a corrected elevation angle based on at least an estimate of surface roughness and propagation environment factors.

12. A method of operating a phased array radar system including an array antenna including a plurality of transmit/receive (T/R) modules in communication with one or more receiver/exciters and one or more computer processors, comprising the steps of:

generating, by the one or more computer processors, a first control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause transmission, by one or more of the plurality of T/R modules, of a first radio frequency (RF) pulse of a first center frequency from a first portion of the antenna array,

responsive to the one or more receiver/exciters receiving the first control signal, transmitting, by one or more of the plurality of T/R modules, the first RF pulse of the first center frequency from the first portion of the antenna array;

generating, by the one or more computer processors, a second control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause transmission, by one or more of the plurality of T/R modules, of a second RF pulse of a second center frequency, distinct from the first center frequency, from the first portion of the antenna array;

responsive to the one or more receiver/exciters receiving the second control signal, transmitting, by one or more of the plurality of T/R modules, the second RF pulse of the second center frequency from the first portion of the antenna array;

generating, by the one or more computer processors, a third control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause transmission, by one or more of the plurality of T/R modules, of a third RF pulse of a third center frequency from a second portion of the antenna array,

responsive to the one or more receiver/exciters receiving the third control signal, transmitting, by one or more of the plurality of T/R modules, the third RF pulse of the third center frequency from the second portion of the antenna array;

generating, by the one or more computer processors, a fourth control signal for the one or more receiver/exciters to cause transmission, by one or more of the plurality of T/R modules, of a fourth RF pulse of a fourth center frequency, distinct from the third center frequency, from the second portion of the antenna array;

responsive to the one or more receiver/exciters receiving the fourth control signal, transmitting, by one or more of the plurality of T/R modules, the fourth RF pulse of the fourth center frequency from the second portion of the antenna array;

receiving, by the one or more of the plurality of T/R modules, return signals corresponding to the first, second, third, and fourth RF pulses;

non-coherently integrating, by the one or more computer processors, the received return signals corresponding to from the first, second, third and fourth RF pulses; and

performing, by the one or more computer processors, target detection processing on the integrated received return signals;

wherein the first, second, third and fourth RF pulses are transmitted at center frequencies spanning a full radar operating bandwidth within a single pulse repetition interval (PRI) of the system.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein at least one of the first and second RF pulses comprises a waveform modulation that is distinct from that of at least one of the third and fourth RF pulses, and wherein the center frequencies of the first and second RF pulses are equal to the center frequencies of the third and fourth RF pulses, respectively.

14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the center frequencies of the first and second RF pulses are not equal to the center frequencies of the third and fourth RF pulses.

15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the step of transmitting the first and second RF pulses from the first portion of the antenna array of the system comprises transmitting the first and second RF pulses from a first subset of a plurality of transmit/receive (T/R) modules of the antenna array, and wherein the step of transmitting the third and fourth RF pulses from the second portion of the antenna array of the system comprises transmitting the third and fourth RF pulses from a second subset of the plurality of T/R modules of the antenna array.

16. The method of claim 12 , further comprising the step of estimating a range and elevation angle for a target detected in the integrated received return signals.

17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising the step of estimating a corrected elevation angle based on at least an estimate of surface roughness and propagation environment factors.