Multi-band radio frequency transparency window in conductive film
View Patent ↗An apparatus with structures in a conductive film that let a selected set of RF frequency bands pass through, while blocking the passage of all other frequencies is disclosed. The film may include a first portion of the film and a second portion of the film circumscribing the first portion. The second portion is separated from the first portion by a first gap along a periphery of the first portion of the film and wherein a width of the first gap is associated with a wavelength of a first radio signal.
1. An apparatus comprising:
a conductive film comprising:
a first portion of the conductive film that is a resonant structure, wherein the first portion is continuous and substantially shaped like an island; and
a second portion of the conductive film circumscribing the first portion, wherein the second portion is continuous and substantially shaped like a frame circumscribing the first portion, wherein the second portion is separated from the first portion by a first non-conducting, continuous gap along a periphery of the first portion of the conductive film;
wherein a size of the first portion determines a center frequency of a first passing band, wherein a radio signal within the passing band is allowed to transmit across the conductive film, wherein a width of the first gap determines a bandwidth of the first passing band, and wherein a 3 dB bandwidth of the first passing band is less than 1 GHz.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the conductive film further comprises a third portion of the conductive film circumscribing the second portion, wherein the third portion is separated from the second portion by a second gap along a periphery of the second portion of the conductive film and wherein a size of the second portion determines a second passing band.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a radio signal within the first passing band comprises a cellular communications signal between 800 megahertz (MHz) and 940MHz, 1700MHz-2000MHz, or 2100MHz-2200MHz.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a first support layer to connect to the conductive film.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the support layer comprises at least one of a glass material, a plastic material, a polymethyl methacrylate material, or an acrylic material.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first support layer to connect to a first side of the conductive film;
an interlayer to connect to a second side of the conductive film; and
a second support layer to connect to the interlayer.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the conductive film is applied to a window of a vehicle, a window of a building, a window in an aircraft, or a visor in a helmet.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the size of the first portion and a width of the first gap collectively determines a center frequency of a first blocking band, and wherein a radio signal within the blocking band is blocked by the conductive film.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the conductive film comprise at least one of a conductive material, a metallic material, a metal alloy material, or a ceramic material.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first gap is filled with one or more conductive islands, wherein each of the one or more islands is substantially smaller than a wavelength of the first radio signal.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a third portion of the conductive film at a second location of the conductive film, wherein the third portion of the conductive film is a second resonant structure; and
a fourth portion of the conductive film circumscribing the third portion, wherein the fourth portion is separated from the third portion by a second gap along a periphery of the third portion of the conductive film, wherein a size of the third portion determines a center frequency of a second passing band, wherein a radio signal within the second passing band is allowed to transmit across the conductive film at the second location and wherein a width of the second gap determines a bandwidth of the second passing band.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first portion, the second portion, and the gap form the resonant structure that is repeated in the conductive film to form an array of resonant structures.
13. An apparatus comprising:
a conductive film to block at least a portion of infrared light, the conductive film comprising:
a first portion of the conductive film at a first location of the conductive film, wherein the first portion of the conductive film is a first resonant structure, wherein the first portion is continuous and substantially shaped like an island;
a second portion of the conductive film circumscribing the first portion, wherein the second portion is continuous and substantially shaped like a frame circumscribing the first portion, wherein the second portion is separated from the first portion by a first non-conducting, continuous gap along a periphery of the first portion of the conductive film,
wherein a size of the first portion determines a center frequency of a first passing band, wherein a radio signal within the first passing band is allowed to transmit through the conductive film, width of the first gap determines a bandwidth of the first passing band, and wherein a 3 dB bandwidth of the first passing band is less than 1 GHz;
a third portion of the conductive film at a second location of the conductive film, wherein the third portion of the conductive film is a second resonant structure; and
a fourth portion of the conductive film circumscribing the third portion, wherein the fourth portion is continuous separated from the third portion by a second gap along a periphery of the third portion of the conductive film, wherein a size of the third portion determines a center frequency of a second passing band, wherein a radio signal within the second passing band is allowed to transmit across the conductive film at the second location, wherein a width of the second gap determines a bandwidth of the second passing band, and wherein a 3 dB bandwidth of the second passing band is less than 1 GHz.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the radio signal within the first passing band is transmitted across the first gap of the conductive film at a first incident angle or a second incident angle, wherein the first incident angle and the second incident angle are different angles.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein:
a wavelength of the radio signal within the first passing band is approximately 157 millimeters (mm) in length;
the first gap is approximately 18mm wide;
a border of the first portion is approximately 19.6mm in width and 19.6mm in length; and
a border of the second portion is approximately 40mm in width and 40mm in length.
16. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the first gap includes a fifth portion of the conductive film that fills a portion of the first gap.
17. An apparatus comprising:
a first support layer;
a second support layer; and
a conductive film laminated between the first support layer and the second support layer, the conductive film to block at least a portion of a spectrum of light, the conductive film comprising:
a first portion of the conductive film, wherein the first portion is continuous and substantially shaped like an island; and
a second portion of the conductive film circumscribing the first portion, wherein the second portion is continuous and substantially shaped like a frame circumscribing the first portion, wherein the second portion is separated from the first portion by a first non-conducting, continuous gap along a periphery of the first portion of the conductive film, wherein a size of the first portion determines a center frequency of a first passing band, wherein a radio signal that-within the first passing band is allowed to transmit across the conductive film, wherein a width of the first gap determines a bandwidth of the first passing band, and wherein a 3 dB bandwidth of the first passing band is less than 1 GHz.
18. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the first portion of the conductive film and the second portion of the conductive film are located within a defined area of the conductive film, and wherein the defined area is smaller than an entire area of the conductive film.
19. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the conductive film is substantially transparent to reflect infrared light and allow visible light to transmit through the conductive film.
20. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the conductive film is impregnated with metal material or metal alloy material.