Virtual and augmented reality systems and methods
Methods of manufacturing a liquid crystal device including depositing a layer of liquid crystal material on a substrate and imprinting a pattern on the layer of liquid crystal material using an imprint template are disclosed. The liquid crystal material can be jet deposited. The imprint template can include surface relief features, Pancharatnam-Berry Phase Effect (PBPE) structures or diffractive structures. The liquid crystal device manufactured by the methods described herein can be used to manipulate light, such as for beam steering, wavefront shaping, separating wavelengths and/or polarizations, and combining different wavelengths and/or polarizations.
1. A method of manufacturing a waveguide structure, the method comprising:
forming a liquid crystal in-coupling optical element, wherein forming the liquid crystal in-coupling optical element comprises:
depositing a resist material on a waveguide substrate;
imprinting a pattern on the resist material using an imprint template, wherein the imprint template comprises an imprint pattern with multi-tier geometry;
jet depositing a layer of liquid crystal material on the patterned resist material such that molecules of the liquid crystal material are self-aligned to the pattern; and
immobilizing the molecules of the liquid crystal material by subjecting the liquid crystal material to an immobilization process.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein depositing the resist material includes jet depositing the resist material.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the imprint template includes surface relief features.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the imprint template includes features having a size between about 10 nm and about 200 nm.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the imprint template includes features having a size between about 20 nm and about 1 micron.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the imprint template includes PBPE structures.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystal device includes a metasurface.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystal device comprises a metamaterial.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the imprint template includes a grating array.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the imprint template includes curvilinear grooves or arcs.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising depositing an additional layer of liquid crystal material over the layer of liquid crystal material.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the additional layer of liquid crystal material is self-aligned to the pattern.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein a pattern is imprinted on the additional layer of liquid crystal material.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the pattern imprinted on the additional layer of liquid crystal material is different from the pattern imprinted on the resist material.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the layer of liquid crystal material aligned to the pattern imprinted on the resist material is configured to act on a first wavelength, and the pattern imprinted on the additional layer of liquid crystal material is configured to act on a second wavelength.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the imprint pattern comprises three tiers.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein depositing the resist material on the substrate comprises jet depositing a plurality of discrete droplets of the resist material.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the immobilization process comprises curing.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the curing comprises UV curing, thermal curing, or freezing.