Coherent optical receiver
An optical IQ demodulator that does not require a power-consuming DSP is disclosed. A DC offset is added to one of the I and Q optical signal components at an IQ transmitter. After mixing with an LO signal and differential detection at the receiver, this DC offset results in a heterodyne-frequency tone in each of the quadrature detection channels of the receiver. The phase of this oscillation is recovered using a PLL circuit, which output is used to separate the transmitter I and Q channels for decoding thereof using conventional electronics.
1. An apparatus for coherent demodulation of quadrature-modulated (QM) light, the QM light comprising two transmitter signals optically combined in quadrature, the apparatus comprising:
an optical quadrature heterodyne receiver configured to receive the QM light and to obtain therefrom two electrical signals;
a phase-sensitive filter circuit configured to detect a heterodyne frequency (HF) tone in each of the two electrical signals so as to preserve a relative phase therebetween; and,
a demodulator circuit configured to decompose the two transmitter signals from the two electrical signals based at least in part on the HF tones to obtain two decomposed transmitter signals.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the optical quadrature heterodyne receiver comprises an optical mixer configured to mix the QM light with local oscillator (LO) light, wherein the LO light is shifted in frequency from the QM light by a heterodyne frequency ω HF .
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the optical quadrature heterodyne receiver is configured to provide the two electrical signals comprising each a different combination of the two transmitter signals modulated by the heterodyne frequency ω HF .
4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the optical mixer comprises a 90° optical hybrid (OH), the 90° OH comprising four output ports.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the optical quadrature heterodyne receiver comprises two differential photodetectors coupled to the four output ports of the 90° OH for obtaining the two electrical signals.
6. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the optical quadrature heterodyne receiver comprises a source of the local oscillator (LO) light.
7. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the phase-sensitive filter circuit is configured to extract two quadrature HF tones from the two electrical signals.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the phase-sensitive filter circuit comprises one or more phase lock loops (PLL) circuits for extracting the two quadrature HF tones.
9. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the one or more phase lock loops (PLL) circuits are locked to the heterodyne frequency ω HF .
10. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the demodulator circuit comprises multiplying circuitry configured to multiply the two electrical signals by the two quadrature HF tones.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the multiplying circuitry is configured to multiply one of the two electrical signals by one of the two quadrature HF tones, to multiply the other of the two electrical signals by the other of the two quadrature HF tones, and to sum resulting multiplied signals.
12. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the demodulator circuit comprises four signal multiplication circuits and two signal summing circuits.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 comprising two electrical processing circuits coupled to the demodulator circuit for individual processing of the two transmitter signals.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the demodulator circuit comprises analogue circuitry.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the phase-sensitive filter circuit comprises analogue circuitry.
16. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the two transmitter signals comprise an I-channel signal and a Q-channel signal, and wherein the demodulator circuit is configured to decompose each of the I-channel and Q-channel signals from the two electrical signals using the HF tones.