Adaptive audio normalization
An audio system can be configured to generate an audio heatmap for the audio emission potential profiles for one or more speakers, in specific or arbitrary locations. The audio heatmap maybe based on speaker location and orientation, speaker acoustic properties, and optionally environmental properties. The audio heatmap often shows areas of low sound density when there are few speakers, and areas of high sound density when there are a lot of speakers. An audio system may be configured to normalize audio signals for a set of speakers that cooperatively emit sound to render an audio object in a defined audio object location. The audio signals for each speaker can be normalized to ensure accurate rendering of the audio object without volume spikes or dropout.
1. An audio system comprising:
a plurality of speakers positioned in a speaker arrangement in an environment; and
an audio signal generator operably coupled with each speaker of the plurality of speakers, wherein the audio signal generator is configured to provide a specific audio signal to each speaker of a set of speakers to cause a coordinated audio emission from each speaker in the set of speakers to render an audio object in a defined audio object location in the environment, wherein the audio signal generator is configured to process audio data that is obtained from a memory device for each specific audio signal, wherein the audio signal generator is configured to analyze each specific audio signal based on the audio data in view of the speaker arrangement in the environment to determine the specific audio signals for each speaker in the speaker set to render the audio object in the defined audio object location, the audio signal generator including at least one processor configured to cause performance of operations, the operations including:
identify the audio object and the defined audio object location in the environment;
obtain audio data for the audio object;
identify the set of speakers to render the audio object at the defined audio object location;
generate at least one specific audio signal for each speaker of the set of speakers to render the audio object at the defined audio object location;
determine the at least one specific audio signal for at least one speaker in the set of speakers to cause a volume of the audio object to spike or dropout at a specific location or set of locations and be insufficient to render the audio object at the defined audio object location or set of locations with a volume that is devoid of a spike or dropout;
normalize the at least one specific audio signal for the at least one speaker based on speaker density of the set of speakers and volume of the rendered audio object at the defined audio object location to obtain at least one normalized specific audio signal for the at least one speaker;
provide the at least one normalized specific audio signal to the at least one speaker; and
render the audio object at the defined audio object location or set of locations with a volume that is devoid of volume spikes or dropout.
2. The audio system of claim 1 , wherein the audio signal generator generates the at least one normalized specific audio signal for the plurality of speakers by the following operations:
render the audio object at the defined audio object location with a plurality of speakers of the set of speakers; and
normalize the at least one specific audio signal for each speaker to compensate for a speaker density of the set of speakers.
3. The audio system of claim 1 , wherein the audio signal generator generates the at least one normalized specific audio signal for the plurality of speakers by the following operations:
monitor a location having a high relative speaker density for the volume of the audio object or a volume of a specific audio emission from a specific speaker in the set of speakers;
compare the monitored volume to a maximum volume threshold; and
when the monitored volume is higher than the maximum volume threshold, normalizing the at least one specific audio signal to the at least one normalized specific audio signal so that the volume is at or less than the volume threshold for the rendered audio object at the defined audio object location.
4. The audio system of claim 1 , wherein the audio signal generator generates the at least one normalized specific audio signal for the plurality of speakers by the following operations:
monitor a location having a low relative speaker density for the volume of the audio object or a volume of a specific audio emission from a specific speaker in the set of speakers;
compare the monitored volume to a minimum volume threshold; and
when the monitored volume is lower than the minimum volume threshold, the operations including:
normalize the at least one specific audio signal to the at least one normalized specific audio signal so that the volume is at or greater than the minimum volume threshold for the rendered audio object at the defined audio object location; or
drop the volume to no volume; or
reduce or terminate rendering of the audio object.
5. The audio system of claim 1 , wherein the audio signal generator generates the at least one normalized specific audio signal for the plurality of speakers by the following operations:
monitor a speaker density of the set of speakers in the plurality of speakers for the volume of the audio object or a volume of a specific audio emission from a specific speaker in the set of speakers;
adjust each specific audio signal so as to adjust monitored volume to split rendering of the audio object to the set of speakers to normalize each specific audio signal; and
provide each normalized specific audio signal to a specific speaker in the set of speakers so that rendering of the audio object is evenly divided across the set of speakers.
6. The audio system of claim 1 , wherein the audio signal generator generates the at least one normalized specific audio signal for the plurality of speakers by the following operations:
monitor the volume of the audio object or a volume of a specific audio emission from a specific speaker in the set of speakers in the speaker arrangement that has an irregular speaker density of the set of speakers in the plurality of speakers;
identify at least one audio object having a faulty rendering with the monitored volume above a maximum volume threshold or below a minimum volume threshold; and
normalize the at least one specific audio signal to change a characteristic of the rendered audio object so that the volume is between the maximum volume threshold and minimum volume threshold, wherein the characteristic includes at least one of: minimum volume of rendered audio object; maximum volume of rendered audio object; defined location of the rendered audio object;
defined height of the rendered audio object with respect to a base level; defined distance of the rendered audio object from at least one speaker; defined distance of the rendered audio object from at least one environment object in the environment; defined distance of the rendered audio object to a second rendered audio object; or combinations thereof.
7. The audio system of claim 1 , wherein the audio signal generator generates the at least one normalized specific audio signal for the plurality of speakers by the following operations:
identify the defined audio object location in the environment;
identify the set of speakers that render the audio object at the defined audio object location;
determine accuracy of the rendering of the audio object in the defined audio object location; and
when the accuracy is above a minimum accuracy threshold, render the audio object at the defined audio object location; or
when the accuracy is below a minimum accuracy threshold, perform the following operations:
determine at least one defined audio object location criterium for the audio object;
when the at least one defined audio object location is specific, reduce or terminate rendering of the audio object; or
when the at least one defined audio object location varies, move the defined location of the audio object to a second location that satisfies the at least one defined audio object location criterium and provides the accuracy over the minimum accuracy threshold.
8. The audio system of claim 7 , wherein the at least one defined audio object location depends on object type, wherein an object type includes at least one of:
a ground audio object that is restricted to being rendered only on ground locations;
an air audio object that is restricted to being rendered only in air locations above the ground; or
hybrid ground and air audio objects that are allowed to be rendered on ground locations and air locations.
9. The audio system of claim 1 , wherein the normalizing is a basic normalization protocol with an intensity of the rendered audio object at the defined audio object location that is proportional to the summation of squared volume of sound from each speaker in the set of speakers.
10. The audio system of claim 1 , wherein the normalizing is a dynamic normalization protocol based a normalization factor and in view of a level of importance of rendering the audio object and in view of an accuracy of rendering the audio object in the defined audio object location,
wherein an importance of 1 provides that the audio object is always rendered and an importance of 0 provides that the audio object is rendered when there is sufficient accuracy, and
wherein an accuracy of 1 provides that the audio object is rendered accurately by the set of speakers and an accuracy at values lower than 1 represents the maximum volume for the set of speaker to render the audio object without volume spikes or dropouts.
11. A method of normalizing an audio signal for rendering an audio object with an audio system, the method comprising:
providing a plurality of speakers positioned in a speaker arrangement in an environment;
providing an audio signal generator operably coupled with each speaker of the plurality of speakers, wherein the audio signal generator is configured to provide a specific audio signal to each speaker of a set of speakers to cause a coordinated audio emission from each speaker in the set of speakers to render an audio object in a defined audio object location in the environment, wherein the audio signal generator is configured to process audio data that is obtained from a memory device for each specific audio signal;
identifying the audio object and the defined audio object location in the environment;
obtaining audio data for the audio object;
identifying the set of speakers to render the audio object at the defined audio object location;
generating at least one specific audio signal for each speaker of the set of speakers to render the audio object at the defined audio object location;
determining the at least one specific audio signal for at least one speaker in the set of speakers to cause a volume of the audio object to spike or dropout at a specific location or set of locations and be insufficient to render the audio object at the defined audio object location or set of locations with a volume that is devoid of a spike or dropout;
normalizing the at least one specific audio signal for the at least one speaker based on speaker density of the set of speakers and volume of the rendered audio object at the defined audio object location to obtain at least one normalized specific audio signal for the at least one speaker;
providing the at least one normalized specific audio signal to the at least one speaker; and
rendering the audio object at the defined audio object location with a volume that is devoid of volume spikes or dropout.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
rendering the audio object at the defined audio object location with a plurality of speakers of the set of speakers; and
normalizing the at least one specific audio signal for each speaker to compensate for a speaker density of the set of speakers.
13. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
monitoring a location having a high relative speaker density for the volume of the audio object or a volume of a specific audio emission from a specific speaker in the set of speakers;
comparing the monitored volume to a maximum volume threshold; and
when the monitored volume is higher than the maximum volume threshold, normalizing the at least one specific audio signal to the at least one normalized specific audio signal so that the volume is at or less than the volume threshold for the rendered audio object at the defined audio object location.
14. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
monitoring a location having a low relative speaker density for the volume of the audio object or a volume of a specific audio emission from a specific speaker in the set of speakers;
comparing the monitored volume to a minimum volume threshold; and
when the monitored volume is lower than the minimum volume threshold, the operations including:
normalizing the at least one specific audio signal to the at least one normalized specific audio signal so that the volume is at or greater than the minimum volume threshold for the rendered audio object at the defined audio object location; or
dropping the volume to no volume; or
terminating rendering of the audio object.
15. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
monitoring a speaker density of the set of speakers in the plurality of speakers for the volume of the audio object or a volume of a specific audio emission from a specific speaker in the set of speakers;
adjusting each specific audio signal so as to adjust the monitored volume to split rendering of the audio object to the set of speakers to normalize each specific audio signal; and
providing each normalized specific audio signal to a specific speaker in the set of speakers so that rendering of the audio object is evenly divided across the set of speakers.
16. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
monitoring the volume of the audio object or a volume of a specific audio emission from a specific speaker in the set of speakers in the speaker arrangement that has an irregular speaker density of the set of speakers in the plurality of speakers;
identifying at least one audio object having a faulty rendering with the monitored volume above a maximum volume threshold or below a minimum volume threshold; and
normalizing the at least one specific audio signal to change a characteristic of the rendered audio object so that the volume is between the maximum volume threshold and minimum volume threshold, wherein the characteristic includes at least one of: minimum volume of rendered audio object; maximum volume of rendered audio object; defined location of the rendered audio object; defined height of the rendered audio object with respect to a base level; defined distance of the rendered audio object from at least one speaker; defined distance of the rendered audio object from at least one environment object in the environment; defined distance of the rendered audio object to a second rendered audio object; or combinations thereof.
17. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
identify the defined audio object location in the environment;
identify the set of speakers that render the audio object at the defined audio object location;
determine accuracy of the rendering of the audio object in the defined audio object location; and
when the accuracy is above a minimum accuracy threshold, render the audio object at the defined audio object location; or
when the accuracy is below a minimum accuracy threshold, perform the following operations:
determining at least one defined audio object location criterium for the audio object;
when the at least one defined audio object location is specific, terminating the rendering of the audio object; or
when the at least one defined audio object location varies, move the defined location of the audio object to a second location that satisfies the at least one defined audio object location criterium and provides the accuracy over the minimum accuracy threshold.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the at least one defined audio object location depends on object type, wherein the object type includes at least one of:
a ground audio object that is restricted to being rendered only on ground locations;
an air audio object that is restricted to being rendered only in air locations above the ground; or
hybrid ground and air audio objects that are allowed to be rendered on ground locations and air locations.
19. The method of claim 11 , wherein the normalizing is a basic normalization protocol with an intensity of the rendered audio object at the defined audio object location that is proportional to the summation of squared volume of sound from each speaker in the set of speakers.
20. The method of claim 11 , wherein the normalizing is a dynamic normalization protocol based a normalization factor and in view of a level of importance of rendering the audio object and in view of an accuracy of rendering the audio object in the defined audio object location,
wherein an importance of 1 provides that the audio object is always rendered and an importance of 0 provides that the audio object is rendered when there is sufficient accuracy, and
wherein an accuracy of 1 provides that the audio object is rendered accurately by the set of speakers and an accuracy and accuracy at values lower than 1 represents the maximum volume for the set of speaker to render the audio object.