Use of cannabidiol in combination with 5-HT2B receptor agonists or amphetamines in the treatment of epilepsy
The present invention relates to the use of cannabidiol (CBD) in combination with an agonist of 5-HT2B receptors. Such a combination provides protection against the adverse effects caused by agonists of 5-HT2B receptors. The invention further relates to the use of CBD in combination5 with an amphetamine or amphetamine derivative in the treatment of epilepsy. In one embodiment the CBD is used in combination with the amphetamine derivative fenfluramine to produce a significant reduction in seizures. Preferably the CBD used is in the form of a highly purified extract of cannabis such that the CBD is present at greater than 98% of the total extract (w/w) and the other components of the extract are characterised. In particular the cannabinoid10 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has been substantially removed, to a level of not more than 0.15% (w/w) and the propyl analogue of CBD, cannabidivarin, (CBDV) is present in amounts of up to 1%. Alternatively, the CBD may be a synthetically produced CBD. In use the CBD in combination with an agonist of 5-HT2B receptors, amphetamine or amphetamine derivative may be formulated for administration separately, sequentially or simultaneously with the15 amphetamine or amphetamine derivative or the combination may be provided in a single dosage form. Where the CBD is formulated for administration separately, sequentially or simultaneously it may be provided as a kit or together with instructions to administer the one or more components in the manner indicated.
1. A method of treating epilepsy comprising administering cannabidiol (CBD) in combination with fenfluramine; wherein the CBD: fenfluramine ratio ranges from about 1:1 to about 20:1 by weight.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the combination of CBD and fenfluramine prevents or reduces one or more side effects associated with agonism of a 5-HT 2B receptor.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the side effect that is prevented or reduced is heart valve disease.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the CBD is in the form of a highly purified extract of cannabis which comprises at least 98% (w/w) CBD.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the CBD is present as a synthetic compound.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the epilepsy is treatment resistant epilepsy (TRE).
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the epilepsy is one of: Dravet Syndrome; Myoclonic-Absence Epilepsy; Lennox-Gastaut syndrome; Generalized Epilepsy of unknown origin; CDKL5 mutation; Aicardi syndrome; tuberous sclerosis complex; bilateral polymicrogyria; Dup15q; SNAP25; and febrile infection related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES); benign rolandic epilepsy; juvenile myoclonic epilepsy; infantile spasm (West syndrome); and Landau-Kleffner syndrome.
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein the highly purified extract comprises less than 0.15% (w/w) THC.
9. The method of claim 4 , wherein the highly purified extract comprises up to 1% (w/w) CBDV.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of CBD to fenfluramine is between 10:1 to 1:1 by weight.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of CBD to fenfluramine ranges from 3:1 to 1:1 by weight.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of CBD to fenfluramine ranges from 2:1 to 1:1 by weight.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of CBD to fenfluramine is approximately 1:1 by weight.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dose of CBD is between 5 mg/kg/day and 50 mg/kg/day.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dose of fenfluramine in a mouse is at least 1.2 mg/kg.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dose of fenfluramine in a mouse ranges from 1.2 mg/kg to 3.9 mg/kg.
17. The method of claim 7 , wherein the epilepsy is treatment resistant epilepsy (TRE).