Antiviral/antimicrobial polymer compositions, fibers, and products
A polymer composition having antimicrobial properties, the composition comprising from 50 wt % to 99.99 wt % of a polymer, from 10 wppm to 900 wppm of zinc, less than 1000 wppm of phosphorus, and less than 10 wppm coupling agent and/or surfactant, wherein zinc is dispersed within the polymer; and wherein fibers formed from the polymer composition demonstrate a Klebsiella pneumonia log reduction greater than 0.90, as determined via ISO20743:2013 and/or an Escherichia coli log reduction greater than 1.5, as determined via ASTM E3160 (2018).
1. A polymer composition having antimicrobial properties, the composition consisting of:
from 50 wt % to 99.99 wt % of a polymer,
from 200 wppm to 900 wppm of zinc,
phosphorus,
from 0 wppm to 10 wppm coupling agent and/or surfactant,
from 0 wt. % to 3 wt. % of additives selected from the group consisting of delusterants, pigments, colored materials, and flame retardants,
wherein the polymer has a relative viscosity less than 75;
wherein zinc is dispersed within the polymer;
wherein the polymer has an amine end group content less than 55; and
wherein fibers formed from the polymer composition demonstrate a Klebsiella pneumonia log reduction greater than 0.90, as determined via ISO20743:2013 and/or an Escherichia coli log reduction greater than 1.5, as determined via ASTM E3160 (2018).
2. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises from 600 wppm to 700 wppm of zinc.
3. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises from 275 wppm to 350 wppm of zinc provided via zinc stearate.
4. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises less than 250 wppm phosphorus.
5. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is hydrophilic and/or hygroscopic, and is capable of absorbing greater than 1.5 wt % water, based on the total weight of the polymer.
6. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises PA6, or PA 6,6, or combinations thereof.
7. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises a first polymer and a second polymer.
8. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the zinc is provided from a zinc compound comprising zinc oxide, zinc stearate, zinc ammonium adipate, zinc acetate, or zinc pyrithione, or combinations thereof.
9. Fibers or fabric produced using the polymer composition of claim 1 .
10. A medical product or device comprising fibers or fabric produced using the polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the medical product or device is reusable.
11. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises zinc provided via zinc stearate.
12. Polymer fibers having antimicrobial reduction efficacy, the fibers consisting of:
from 50 wt % to 99.99 wt % of a polymer,
from 200 wppm to 328 wppm of zinc provided via zinc ammonium adipate, phosphorus,
from 0 to 10 wppm coupling agent and/or surfactant,
from 0 wt. % to 3 wt. % of additives selected from the group consisting of delusterants, pigments, colored materials, and flame retardants,
wherein the polymer has a relative viscosity less than 75; and
wherein the fibers demonstrate a Klebsiella pneumonia log reduction greater than 0.93, as determined via ISO20743:2013, after at least 10 wash cycles; and wherein the fibers demonstrate an Escherichia coli log reduction greater than 1.5, as determined via ASTM E3160 (2018).
13. The fibers of claim 12 , wherein the fibers comprise less than 268 wppm of zinc.
14. The fibers of claim 12 , wherein the fibers have an average fiber diameter ranging from 1 micron to 25 microns; and wherein the fibers demonstrate a Klebsiella pneumonia log reduction greater than 1.2, as determined via ISO20743:2013.
15. Spunbond polymer fibers having antimicrobial properties, the fibers consisting of:
from 50 wt % to 99.99 wt % of a polymer,
425 wppm to 600 wppm of zinc provided via zinc stearate, zinc oxide, zinc ammonium adipate, zinc acetate, or zinc pyrithione, or combinations thereof,
5 wppm to 35 wppm copper provided via copper iodide, copper bromide, copper chloride, copper fluoride, copper stearate, copper ammonium adipate, copper phenyl phosphinic acid, copper acetate, or copper pyrithione, or combinations thereof,
phosphorus,
from 0 to 10 wppm coupling agent and/or surfactant, and
from 0 wt. % to 3 wt. % of additives selected from the group consisting of delusterants, pigments, colored materials, anti-odor additives, flame retardants, and UV additives,
wherein the polymer has a relative viscosity ranging from 5 to 70; and
wherein the fibers demonstrate a Klebsiella pneumonia log reduction greater than 2.7, as determined via ISO20743:2013.
16. The fibers of claim 15 , wherein the fibers have an average fiber diameter ranging from 1 micron to 25 microns.
17. A mask comprising a spunbond layer comprising the polymer fibers of claim 15 .
18. A fabric comprising polymer fibers having Klebsiella pneumonia reduction efficacy, the fibers consisting of:
from 50 wt % to 99.99 wt % of a polymer,
from 350 wppm to 600 wppm of zinc,
phosphorus,
from 0 to 10 wppm coupling agent and/or surfactant, and
from 0 wt. % to 3 wt. % of additives selected from the group consisting of delusterants, pigments, colored materials, and flame retardants,
wherein the polymer has a relative viscosity less than 75;
wherein the polymer has an amine end group content less than 55; and
wherein the fibers demonstrate a Klebsiella pneumonia log reduction greater than 3.10, after scouring, as determined via ISO20743:2013.
19. The fabric of claim 18 , wherein the fabric is a knitted fabric or a greige fabric and wherein the fibers comprise from 350 wppm to 550 wppm of zinc, and wherein the fibers demonstrate a Klebsiella pneumonia log reduction greater than 3.3, as determined via ISO20743:2013.
20. The fabric of claim 18 , wherein the fibers comprise from 350 wppm to 550 wppm of zinc and wherein the fabric has a coat weight ranging from 1 gsm to 50 gsm.
21. The fabric of claim 18 , wherein the fibers are produced using a multi-row die.
22. Polymer fibers having Klebsiella pneumonia reduction efficacy, the fibers consisting of:
from 50 wt % to 99.99 wt % of a polymer,
480 wppm to 520 wppm of zinc,
phosphorus,
from 0 to 10 wppm coupling agent and/or surfactant, and
from 0 wt. % to 3 wt. % of additives selected from the group consisting of delusterants, pigments, colored materials, and flame retardants,
wherein the polymer has a relative viscosity less than 75;
wherein the polymer has an amine end group content less than 55; and
wherein the fibers demonstrate a Klebsiella pneumonia log reduction greater than 2.14, as determined via ISO20743:2013.
23. A polymer composition having antimicrobial properties, the composition consisting of:
a polyamide polymer;
polyethylene terephthalate;
from 5000 wppm to 20000 wppm of zinc provided via zinc stearate, zinc oxide, zinc ammonium adipate, zinc acetate, or zinc pyrithione, or combinations thereof,
phosphorus, and
from 0 to 10 wppm coupling agent and/or surfactant,
from 0 wt. % to 3 wt. % of additives selected from the group consisting of delusterants, pigments, colored materials, and flame retardants,
wherein zinc is dispersed within the polymer;
wherein the polymer has a relative viscosity less than 75; and
wherein fibers formed from the polymer composition demonstrate a Klebsiella pneumonia log reduction greater than 1.41, as determined via ISO20743:2013 and/or a Staphylococcus aureus log reduction greater than 2.1, as determined via ISO20743:2013.
24. A polymer yarn having antimicrobial properties, the yarn comprising fibers consisting of:
from 50 wt % to 99.99 wt % of a polymer,
425 wppm to 600 wppm of zinc provided via zinc stearate, zinc oxide, zinc ammonium adipate, zinc acetate, or zinc pyrithione, or combinations thereof,
1 wppm to 525 wppm copper provided via copper iodide, copper bromide, copper chloride, copper fluoride, copper stearate, copper ammonium adipate, copper phenyl phosphinic acid, copper acetate, or copper pyrithione, or combinations thereof,
phosphorus, and
from 0 to 10 wppm coupling agent and/or surfactant,
from 0 wt. % to 3 wt. % of additives selected from the group consisting of delusterants, pigments, colored materials, anti-odor additives, flame retardants, and UV additives,
wherein the polymer has a relative viscosity ranging from 5 to 70;
wherein the fibers demonstrate a Klebsiella pneumonia log reduction greater than 2.1, as determined via ISO20743:2013, and optionally
wherein the weight ratio of zinc to copper is less than 60:1.
25. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition comprises greater than 50 wppm and less than 1000 wppm phosphorus.
26. The polymer fibers of claim 12 , wherein the polymer fibers comprise greater than 50 wppm and less than 10000 wppm phosphorus.
27. The spunbond polymer fibers of claim 15 , wherein the spunbond polymer fibers comprise greater than 50 wppm and less than 10000 wppm phosphorus.
28. The fabric of claim 18 , wherein the polymer fibers comprise greater than 50 wppm and less than 10000 wppm phosphorus.
29. The polymer fibers of claim 22 , wherein the polymer comprises greater than 50 wppm and less than 500 wppm phosphorus.
30. The polymer composition of claim 23 , wherein the polymer composition comprises greater than 50 wppm and less than 10000 wppm phosphorus.
31. The polymer yarn of claim 24 , wherein the fibers comprise greater than 50 wppm and less than 10000 wppm of phosphorus.