Method of photocatalytic degradation of a pollutant using nanocomposite
A method of photocatalytic degradation of a polluted solution includes contacting a solution containing one or more pollutants with a graphite-phase carbon nitride, calcium metavanadate, and calcium silicate (CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 ) nanocomposite, followed by irradiating the nanocomposite with light to degrade one or more pollutants in the solution. The method further includes irradiating the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite with a light having a wavelength of 200 to 800 nm to photocatalytically degrade the one or more pollutants in the solution.
1 . A method of photocatalytic degradation of a pollutant, comprising:
contacting a solution comprising one or more pollutants with a graphite-phase carbon nitride, calcium metavanadate, and calcium silicate (CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 ) nanocomposite, and
irradiating the nanocomposite with light to degrade the one or more pollutants in the solution.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite comprises 20 to 40 wt % of graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ), 20 to 40 wt % of calcium metavanadate (CaV 2 O 6 ), and 20 to 40 w % of calcium silicate (CaSiO 3 ).
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite is porous, and
wherein the g-C 3 N 4 is in the form of nanosheets;
the CaV 2 O 6 and the CaSiO 3 are a homogeneous mixture in the form of nanowires; and
the nanowires are distributed between the nanosheets.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite has an interplanar spacing of 0.12 to 0.25 nm between the g-C 3 N 4 sheets.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite is porous and has an average pore diameter of 2 to 20 nm.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite has a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 55 to 60 cm 2 g −1 .
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite has a pore volume of 0.1 to 0.3 cm 3 g −1 .
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite has a bandgap energy of 2.9 to 3 eV.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite has a bandgap energy of 2.92 eV.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite has an absorption at a wavelength of 200 to 500 nm.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite is crystalline.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite comprises:
a major phase comprises a CaV 2 O 6 phase and a CaSiO 3 phase; and
a minor phase comprises a g-C 3 N 4 phase.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite has a CaV 2 O 6 phase with 20 values of 25° to 50°.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite has a CaSiO 3 phase with 20 values of 25° to 45°.
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite has a g-C 3 N 4 phase with 20 values of 45° to 80°.
16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the irradiating occurs at a wavelength of 50 to 1000 nm.
17 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite has an absorption at a wavelength of 600 to 800 nm.
18 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite is produced in a process, comprising:
mixing calcium nitrate and sodium metasilicate in a solvent to form silicate product;
heating urea at 500 to 700° C. for 30 to 60 minutes to form g-C 3 N 4 product;
carbonizing ammonium metavanadate with xylose in an aqueous acid solution to form vanadate product;
microwaving the silicate product, the g-C 3 N 4 product, and the vanadate product in an organic solvent to form the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite.
19 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CaV 2 O 6 /CaSiO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite is porous and has slit-shaped pores.
20 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the irradiating occurs at a wavelength of 200 to 800 nm.