Disk array controller and system with automated detection and control of both ATA and SCSI disk drives
A disk array controller detects whether each drive it is connected to is an ATA drive or a SCSI drive, and communicates with that disk drive using the corresponding protocol. Preferably, the disk array controller supports both the Serial ATA interface specification and the Serial Attached SCSI interface specification, allowing either or both types of disk drives to be included within a RAID or other disk array configuration. The disk array controller may be incorporated into a storage server having hot swap drive carriers that accommodate both types of disk drives.
1. A disk array controller, comprising:
a plurality of ports for connecting a plurality of disk drives;
detection logic for detecting a type of each such disk drive, wherein the detection logic is capable of distinguishing between an Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA) disk drive and a Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) disk drive; and
a plurality of controllers for controlling the plurality of disk drives, each controller comprising an ATA protocol engine and a SCSI protocol engine such that each controller can control an ATA disk drive or a SCSI disk drive.
2. The disk array controller according to claim 1 , wherein each controller comprises an ATA protocol engine and a SCSI protocol engine that use a common FIFO buffer to store I/O data.
3. The disk array controller according to claim 1 , wherein the ATA protocol engine implements a Serial ATA (SATA) protocol, and the SCSI protocol engine implements a Serial Attached SCSI (SATA) protocol.
4. The disk array controller according to claim 3 , wherein the disk array controller further comprises programmable drivers that vary the signal transmission characteristics of signals transmitted to the disk drives to accommodate differences between SATA and SAS disk drives.
5. The disk array controller according to claim 1 , further comprising a processor that executes a firmware program, said firmware program embodying at least one RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) algorithm such that the disk array controller is capable of controlling the plurality of disk drives as a RAID array.
6. The disk array controller according to claim 5 , wherein the firmware program and the controllers are capable of operating the plurality of disk drives as a RAID array that includes both ATA and SCSI disk drives.
7. The disk array controller according to claim 1 , wherein the detection logic detects the types of the disk drives by communicating with the disk drives.
8. The disk array controller according to claim 1 , wherein the detection logic comprises circuitry that causes each controller to attempt to communicate with a corresponding disk drive using each of an ATA protocol and a SCSI protocol.
9. The disk array controller according to claim 1 , wherein the detection logic detects the types of the disk drives by detecting attributes of corresponding hot swap drive carriers.
10. The disk array controller according to claim 1 , in combination with said plurality of disk drives.
11. The disk array controller according to claim 10 , wherein the plurality of disk drives includes at least one Serial ATA disk drive and at least one Serial Attached SCSI disk drive, and the disk array controller is configured to operate the plurality of disk drives as a RAID (redundant array of inexpensive disks) array.
12. The disk array controller according to claim 1 , wherein the disk array controller further comprises an input/output (I/O) processor that communicates with the plurality of controllers over an I/O data bus, and wherein the disk array controller varies a protocol used on the I/O data bus depending upon types of disk drives detected by the detection logic.
13. A disk array system, comprising:
a plurality of hot swap drive carriers, each of which houses a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) disk drive or a Serial Attached Small Computer System Interface (SAS) disk drive; and
disk array controller that controls the plurality of disk drives to provide storage for at least one host computer, the disk array controller comprising a plurality of controllers, each of which controls a respective one of the disk drives, each controller including an ATA protocol engine and a SCSI protocol engine;
wherein the disk array controller is configured to detect whether each disk drive is a SATA disk drive or an SAS disk drive, and to select a corresponding protocol with which to communicate with that disk drive.
14. The disk array system according to claim 13 , wherein the disk array controller determines whether each disk drive is a SATA disk drive or a SAS disk drive by communicating with the disk drives.
15. The disk array system according to claim 13 , wherein the disk array controller determines whether each disk drive is a SATA disk drive or a SAS disk drive by detecting positions of drive type indicator switches of the hot swap drive carriers.
16. The disk array system according to claim 13 , wherein the disk array controller is configured to operate the plurality of disk drives as a redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID).
17. The disk array system according to claim 16 , wherein the plurality of disk drives includes at least one SATA disk drive and at least one SAS disk drive.
18. The disk array system according to claim 13 , wherein each hot swap drive carrier is configured to accommodate both SATA and SAS disk drives.
19. The disk array system according to claim 13 , wherein each controller further includes a first-in-first-out (FIFO) buffer that is shared by that controller's ATA and SCSI protocol engines.
20. The disk array system according to claim 13 , wherein each controller further includes detection logic for detecting a type of a disk drive to which the controller is connected.
21. The disk array system according to claim 13 , wherein the disk array controller supports the hot swappability of SAS disk drives with SATA disk drives.