Piezoelectric actuator
An actuator comprises a laminate of interleaved layers of electrode plates and piezoelectric material; wherein an upper region (in use) of electrode plates is adapted when energized to effect deflections in up and down directions; a lower region of electrode plates is adapted when energized to effect deflections in up and down directions; and one or more further regions of electrode plates are adapted when energized to effect deflections in left and right directions.
1. An actuator generally extending in the Z direction, comprising: a laminate of interleaved layers of electrode plates and piezoelectric material; a first region of electrode plates; means for energizing said first region to effect deflections in a first Y direction; a second region of electrode plates spaced in essentially the Y direction from said first region; means for energizing said second region to effect deflections in a second Y direction; at least one further region of electrode plates and means for energizing said further region to effect deflections in the X direction.
2. An actuator according to claim 1 , wherein said layers extend generally in the Z direction.
3. An actuator according to claim 1 , wherein said actuator comprises no central bore.
4. An actuator according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one further region of electrode plates is sandwiched between said first and second regions.
5. An actuator according to claim 1 , wherein said electrode plates of said at least one further region comprise a first set of electrode plates; means for conducting a first bias energizing voltage to effect deflections in a first X direction; a second set of electrode plates, and means for conducting a second bias energizing voltage to effect deflections in a second X direction, said first set being spaced in essentially the X direction from said second set.
6. An actuator according to claim 1 , further comprising electrode plates which extend essentially across electrodes of both the first and second set so as to interact with both first set and second set of electrode plates.
7. An actuator according to claim 1 , wherein said actuator is of a general cylindrical form.
8. An actuator according to claim 1 , wherein said actuator comprises at least one tunnel.
9. An actuator generally extending in the Z direction, comprising: a laminate of interleaved layers of electrode plates and piezoelectric material; a first region of electrode plates; means for energizing said first region to effect deflections in a first Y direction; a second region of electrode plates spaced in essentially the Y direction from said first region; means for energizing said second region to effect deflections in a second Y direction; at least one further region of electrode plates; means for energizing said further region to effect deflections in the X direction and at least one tunnel.