Assay system for simultaneous detection and measurement of multiple modified cellular proteins
A method and kit for simultaneous detection and/or determination of a plurality of modified proteins in a sample. The method comprises: a) contacting the sample under mild protein denaturation conditions with a plurality of first antibodies capable of binding to a specific target protein, the first antibodies being immobilized on solid support material, each first antibody being differentiable from others by a differentiation parameter, whereby the first antibodies bind to respective target proteins present in the sample; b) removing unbound materials from the locus of the first antibodies; c) contacting the materials from step (b) with one or more second antibodies, each of which is specific to a class or subclass of modified proteins or with a plurality of second antibodies, each of which is specific to a modified protein, so as to bind the second antibody or antibodies to modified proteins in the sample; and d) detecting and/or determining a plurality of modified proteins in the sample. The kit comprises a plurality of primary antibodies immobilized on solid support material, one or more buffers for lysing and for washing cellular material samples to be assayed, an assay buffer for conducting the assay, the buffer containing a sulfate or sulfonate detergent, and one or more second antibodies specific to the modified proteins.
1. A method for simultaneous detection and/or determination of a plurality of modified proteins in a sample, comprising:
a) adding a sulfate or sulfonate detergent, in a concentration of about 1–10 mM and a plurality of first antibodies capable of binding to a specific target protein to said sample to create a mixture and incubating at a temperature of between about 4 and 37 degrees Celsius, and for a time of from about 2 to about 72 hours, wherein the first antibodies are immobilized on solid support material, each first antibody being differentiable from others by a differentiation parameter, whereby the first antibodies bind to respective target proteins present in the sample;
b) removing unbound materials from the locus of the first antibodies;
c) contacting the materials from step (b) with one or more second antibodies, each of which is specific to a class or subclass of modified proteins or with a plurality of second antibodies, each of which is specific to a modified protein, so as to bind the second antibody or antibodies to modified proteins in the sample; and
d) detecting and/or determining a plurality of modified proteins in the sample.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein up to 100 modified proteins are detected and/or determined.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the modified proteins are selected from phosphorylated proteins, glycosylated proteins, acetylated proteins, methylated proteins, ubiquinated proteins, and prenylated proteins.
4. A method according to claim 3 wherein the modified proteins are phosphorylated proteins.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein the solid support material comprises a series of subsets of solid particles, each subset being distinguishable from other subsets in accordance with a particular property or characteristic.
6. A method according to claim 5 in which the solid particles are differentiable by specific color or emission spectra.
7. A method according to claim 5 in which the solid particles comprise spherical particles formed from non-porous glass, polystyrene or latex.
8. A method according to claim 1 in which the solid support material is a microchip, a plate having a multiplicity of wells, or a slide.
9. A method according to claim 1 wherein the materials from step (b) are contacted in step (c) with one or more second antibodies, each of which is specific to a class of modified proteins.
10. A method according to claim 9 in which the materials from step (b) are contacted in step (c) with a second antibody that is specific to a class of modified proteins.
11. A method according to claim 1 in which the materials from step (b) are contacted in step (c) with a second antibody that is specific to a subclass of modified proteins.
12. A method according to claim 1 in which the materials from step (b) are contacted in step (c) with one or more second antibodies specific to phosphorylated proteins.
13. A method according to claim 1 in which the materials from step (b) are contacted in step (c) with a plurality of second antibodies, each of which is specific to a modified protein.
14. A method according to claim 1 in which the materials from step (b) are contacted in step (c) with a plurality of second antibodies, each of which is specific to a phosphorylated protein.
15. A method according to claim 14 in which the proteins are selected from phosphorylated p38MAPK, phosphorylated IÿB, phosphorylated Erk2, phosphorylated JNK and phosphorylated Akt.
16. A method according to claim 1 in which the second antibodies are biotinylated antibodies.
17. A method according to claim 1 in which the modified proteins are detected and/or determined in step (d) by contacting the product of step (c) with a labeled moiety.
18. A method according to claim 17 in which the labeled moiety comprises a phycobiliprotein.
19. A method according to claim 17 in which the labeled moiety comprises a phycoerythrin.
20. A method according to claim 17 in which the labeled moiety comprises a conjugate of a labeled moiety with streptavidin.
21. A method according to claim 1 in which the sample is a cell lysate.
22. A method according to claim 1 in which the detergent is sodium dodecyl sulfate.
23. In a process for simultaneously analyzing a sample for a plurality of modified proteins, comprising denaturing a plurality of modified proteins, wherein the improvement comprising adding a sulfate or sulfonate detergent, in a concentration of about 1–10 mM and a plurality of first antibodies capable of binding to a specific target protein to said sample to create a mixture and incubating at a temperature of between about 4 and 37 degrees Celsius, and for a time of from about 2 to about 72 hours.
24. A process according to claim 23 in which the detergent is sodium dodecyl sulfate.