Filter element
An improved filter element which can be used in gas masks is formed of short lengths of porous monolithic carbon formed by partially curing a phenolic resin to a solid, comminuting the partially cured resin, extruding the comminuted resin, sintering the extruded resin so as to produce a form-stable sintered product and carbonising and activating the form-stable sintered product.
1. A filter element for removing contaminants from gases comprising a monolithic porous carbon structure, wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure is a single piece and is not granular and is not composed of granular carbons bound together by a binder and the walls of the carbon monolithic structure have continuous voids or pores through which liquid or vapours can pass, and wherein the carbon of said monolithic porous carbon structure is not bound to silica.
2. A filter element according to claim 1 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure has a cell structure wherein the channel size is between about 100 microns and 2000 microns and the wall thickness is between about 100 microns and 2000 microns with an open area of between about 30 and 60%.
3. A filter element according to claim 1 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure has a surface area of at least 700 m 2 /g.
4. A filter element according to claim 2 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure has a surface area of at least 700 m 2 /g.
5. A filter element according to claim 1 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure has a surface area in excess of 1000 m 2 /g.
6. A filter element according to claim 2 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure has a surface area in excess of 1000 m 2 /g.
7. A filter element according to claim 1 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure has a length of about 1 to 10 cm.
8. A filter element according to claim 1 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure is produced by partially curing a phenolic resin to a solid, comminuting the partially cured resin, extruding the comminuted resin, sintering the extruded resin so as to produce a form-stable sintered product and carbonising the form-stable sintered product.
9. A filter element according to claim 2 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure is produced by partially curing a phenolic resin to a solid, comminuting the partially cured resin, extruding the comminuted resin, sintering the extruded resin so as to produce a form-stable sintered product and carbonising the form-stable sintered product.
10. A filter element according to claim 1 , comprising a plurality of filter elements wherein each of the filter elements is from about 1 to 3 cm in length separated from an adjacent filter element by a gap of about 0.5 to 1.5 cm.
11. An apparatus for the removal of contaminants from gases such as air, comprising a container containing (i) a filter element; (ii) a gas inlet for the container and (iii) a gas outlet for the container whereby gases can pass via the inlet through the filter element and out through the outlet and in which the filter element comprises a non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure which is a single piece and is not granular and is not composed of granular carbons bound together by a binder and the walls of the carbon monolithic structure have continuous voids or pores through which liquid or vapours can pass, and wherein the carbon of said monolithic porous carbon structure is not bound to silica.
12. Apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure has a cell structure wherein the channel size is between about 100 microns and 2000 microns and the wall thickness is between about 100 microns and 2000 microns with an open area of between about 30 and 60%.
13. Apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure has a surface area of at least 700 m 2 /g.
14. Apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure has a surface area in excess of 1000 m 2 /g .
15. Apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein the non-filled monolithic porous carbon structure has a surface area in excess of 1000 m 2 /g.
16. Apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein there is a plurality of filter elements and wherein each of the filter elements is from about 1 to 3 cm in length and is separated from an adjacent filter element by a gap of about 0.5 to 1.5 cm.
17. Apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein there is a plurality of filter elements and wherein each of the filter elements is from about 1 to 3 cm in length and is separated from an adjacent filter element by a gap of about 0.5 to 1.5 cm.
18. Apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the non-filled carbon monolithic structure is produced by partially curing a phenolic resin to a solid, comminuting the partially cured resin, extruding the comminuted resin, sintering the extruded resin so as to produce a form-stable sintered product and carbonising the form-stable sintered product.
19. Apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein the non-filled carbon monolithic structure is produced by partially curing a phenolic resin to a solid, comminuting the partially cured resin, extruding the comminuted resin, sintering the extruded resin so as to produce a form-stable sintered product and carbonising the form-stable sintered product.
20. Apparatus according to claim 11 , further comprising a respirator.