Advances in amination catalysis
Provided herein are catalysts useful in reductive amination, which include nickel, copper, zirconium and/or chromium, oxygen, and tin. The presence of the tin increases the selectivity of the catalyst in reductive aminations over the catalysts of the prior art.
1. A catalyst useful in reductive amination process for producing amines from alcohols, aldehydes, or ketones, wherein said catalyst consists of nickel, copper, tin, and chromium.
2. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the amount of tin in said catalyst is any amount between 0.20% and 20.00% by weight based upon the total weight of said catalyst, including every hundredth percentage therebetween.
3. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the amount of tin in said catalyst is any amount between 1.00% and 7.00% by weight based upon the total weight of said catalyst, including every hundredth percentage therebetween.
4. A catalyst useful in reductive amination consisting of:
a) nickel, present in any amount between 40.0 and 90.0% by weight based upon the total catalyst weight;
b) copper, present in any amount between 4.0 and 40.0% by weight based upon the total catalyst weight;
c) tin, present in any amount between 0.20 and 20.0% by weight based upon the total catalyst weight;
d) chromium, present in any amount between 1.0 to 30.0% by weight upon the total catalyst weight; and
e) oxygen, present in any amount between 3.0 and 25.0% by weight based upon the total catalyst weight.
5. A catalyst useful in reductive amination consisting of:
a) nickel, present in any amount between 60.0 and 80.0% by weight based upon the total catalyst weight;
b) copper, present in any amount between 6.0 and 14.0% by weight based upon the total catalyst weight;
c) tin, present in any amount between 1.0 and 7.0% by weight based upon the total catalyst weight;
d) chromium, present in any amount between 1.0 and 5.0% by weight based upon the total catalyst weight; and
e) oxygen, present in any amount between 5.0 and 10.0% by weight wherein all percentages are based upon the total weight of the finished catalyst.
6. A catalyst useful in a reductive amination process for producing amines from alcohols, aldehydes, or ketones, wherein said catalyst consists of nickel, tin, and copper.
7. A catalyst according to claim 6 wherein the amount of tin present in said catalyst in any amount between 0.20% and 20.00% by weight based upon the total weight of said catalyst.