Imaging Device
There is provided an imaging device which is small in light loss, is operable to suppress an occurrence of a stray light, and is operable to provide an image with a high quality as far as a periphery thereof. The imaging device operable to output an image of an object as an electrical image signal, comprising: a solid-state imaging sensor including pixels which are two dimensionally arranged on a first flat surface and each of which has a photo-electric conversion function; and a lens array including micro lenses two dimensionally arranged on a second flat surface separately provided so as to be parallel to the first flat surface, in which the solid-state imaging sensor includes an imaging area of unit including a plurality of pixels, and each of the micro lenses forms an optical image of the object on a corresponding imaging area of unit and satisfies a predetermined condition, arctan(L/f)≦θ, for a pixel, from among pixels included in an imaging area of unit corresponding to each micro lens, positioned farthest from an optical axis of a corresponding micro lens. Here, θ is a maximum angle of an incident light capable of entering a pixel, f is a focal length of a micro lens, and L is a diameter of a circle circumscribing an imaging area of unit corresponding to one of the micro lenses.
1. An imaging device operable to output an image of an object as an electrical image signal, comprising:
a solid-state imaging sensor including pixels which are two dimensionally arranged on a first flat surface and each of which has a photo-electric conversion function; and
a lens array including micro lenses two dimensionally arranged on a second flat surface separately provided so as to be parallel to the first flat surface, wherein
the solid-state imaging sensor includes imaging areas of unit including a plurality of the pixels,
each of the micro lenses forms an optical image of the object on a corresponding imaging area of unit, and,
a following expression (1) is satisfied for a pixel, from among the pixels included in the imaging area of unit corresponding to each of the micro lenses, positioned farthest from an optical axis of a corresponding micro lens:
arctan( L/f )≦θ (1),
where
θ is a maximum angle of an incident light capable of entering a pixel,
f is a focal length of a micro lens, and
L is a diameter of a circle circumscribing an imaging area of unit corresponding to one of the micro lenses.
2. The imaging device according to claim 1 , wherein
each of the pixels has a pixel lens on a light incidence side thereof, and,
instead of the aforementioned expression (1), a following expression (2) is satisfied for the pixel, from among the pixels included in the imaging area of unit corresponding to each of the micro lenses, positioned farthest from the optical axis of the corresponding micro lens:
to each of the micro lenses, positioned farthest from the optical axis of the corresponding micro lens:
arctan( L/f )≦arcsin NA (2),
where
NA is a numerical aperture of a pixel lens.
3. The imaging device according to claim 1 , wherein
each of the pixels has a pixel lens on a light incidence side thereof, and
at least one of the pixel lenses is positioned such that an optical axis thereof is displaced from a center of a photo-electric conversion portion of a corresponding pixel.
4. The imaging device according to claim 3 , wherein,
instead of the aforementioned expression (1), a following expression (3) is satisfied for the pixel, from among the pixels included in the imaging area of unit corresponding to each of the micro lenses, positioned farthest from the optical axis of the corresponding micro lens:
arctan( L/f )−φ≦arcsin NA (3),
where
NA is a numerical aperture of a pixel lens, and
φ is an angle formed between a normal line of the first flat surface and a straight line connecting an apex on a light incidence side of a pixel lens and a center of an imaging area of unit.
5. The imaging device according to claim 3 , wherein the pixel lens is positioned such that the optical axis thereof is displaced in a direction toward an optical axis of a corresponding micro lens with respect to the center of the photo-electric conversion portion of the corresponding pixel.
6. The imaging device according to claim 3 , wherein an amount of displacement of the optical axis of the pixel lens with respect to the center of the photo-electric conversion.
7. The imaging device according to claim 3 , wherein an output signal from each of the pixels included in an imaging area of unit is compensated by using a compensation coefficient set in advance according to the distance between an optical axis of a corresponding micro lens and each of the pixels.
8. The imaging device according to claim 1 , wherein the solid-state imaging sensor is a CCD.
9. The imaging device according to claim 1 , wherein the solid-state imaging sensor is a CMOS.