Dimeric and polymeric alkylphenol polysulfides
The invention relates to a process and composition-of-matter for the preparation of dimeric and polymeric alkylphenol polysulfides based on paracumyl phenol for use in vulcanizable rubbers in which the additive is a dimeric or polymeric alkylphenol polysulfide non-nitrosamine-releasing additive based on paracumyl phenol.
1. A process for maintaining or improving physical properties of a vulcanizable rubber by the incorporation of a non-nitrosamine-releasing compound comprising a di- and poly- sulfide having a composition illustrated by formula (I)
wherein
R is a independently selected from the group consisting of H, C 1-9 alkyls, C 1-9 aryls, C 1-14 alkylaryls, C 1-14 arylalkyls, and halogens,
n is an integral value from 0 to 10;
a is an integral value from 0 to 3 inclusive;
b is an integral value from 0 to 5 inclusive;
y is an integral value from 0 to 2; and
z is an integral value from 0 to 5.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein said non-nitrosamine releasing compound is added at 0.5 to 20 phr inclusive.
3. The process of claim 2 wherein said non-nitrosamine releasing compound is added at 1 to 10 phr inclusive.
4. The process of claim 3 wherein said non-nitrosamine releasing compound is added at 2 phr.
5. The process of claim 1 wherein said maintaining or improving in physical properties of said rubber is selected from the group consisting of reduction in premature vulcanization, lower tack, lower volatility, lower volatile degradation, improved heat aging properties, increase in green tack, improved additive dispersability over said rubber which does not include said non-nitrosamine-releasing compound.
6. The process of claim 5 wherein said maintaining or improving in physical properties is a reduction in premature vulcanization or scorching.
7. A process for synthesizing alkylarylphenol polysulfides comprising the steps of:
(a) adding p-cumylphenol to a solvent;
(b) adding sulfur monochloride to said solvent;
(c) heating said p-cumylphenol and sulfur monochloride and solvent; and
(d) removing at least some of said solvent.
8. The process of claim 7 which further comprises the step of adding elemental sulfur during said reaction of p-cumylphenol and sulfur monochloride.
9. The process of claim 8 which further comprises the step of adding stearic acid.
10. The process of claim 7 wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene and benzene.
11. The process of claim 7 wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene and xylene.
12. A process for maintaining or improving physical properties of a vulcanizable rubber by the incorporation of a non-nitrosamine-releasing compound comprising a di-sulfide having a composition illustrated by formula (II)
13. The process of claim 12 wherein said non-nitrosamine releasing compound is added at 05 to 20 phr inclusive.
14. The process of claim 13 wherein said non-nitrosamine releasing compound is added at 1 to 10 phr inclusive.
15. The process of claim 14 wherein said non-nitrosamine releasing compound is added at 2 phr.
16. The process of claim 12 wherein said maintaining or improving in physical properties of said rubber is selected from the group consisting of reduction in premature vulcanization, lower tack, lower volatility, lower volatile degradation, improved heat aging properties, increase in green tack, improved additive dispersability over said rubber which does not include said non-nitrosamine-releasing compound.
17. The process of claim 16 wherein said maintaining or improving in physical properties is a reduction in premature vulcanization or scorching.