Locomotive engine start method
A system and method of starting or restarting an engine on a locomotive having at least one of another engine, a fuel cell system and an energy storage system. The method is applicable to large systems such as trucks, ships, cranes and locomotives utilizing diesel engines, gas turbine engines, other types of internal combustion engines, fuel cells or combinations of these that require substantial power and low emissions utilizing multiple power plant combinations. The method is directed, in part, at a flexible control strategy for a multi-engine systems based on a common DC bus electrical architecture so that prime power sources need not be synchronized.
1. A propulsion system, comprising:
(a) a plurality of engine systems, each engine system comprising;
an engine;
a generator operable to convert mechanical energy output by the engine into electrical energy;
an electrical converter operable to convert the outputted generator electrical energy into direct current electrical energy and to permit electrical energy to flow reversably in each of two directions; and
(b) a direct current bus connecting the plurality of engine systems, the direct current bus being operable to carry the direct current electrical energy to and/or from the engine systems, wherein, at a selected time, at least a first engine system is turned off and at least a second engine system is turned on, wherein the electrical converter of the second engine is switched to provide electrical energy to the DC bus at a selected voltage level, and the electrical converter of the first engine is switched to receive electrical energy from the DC bus at a selected voltage level, whereby the first engine is activated using electrical energy supplied, via the DC bus, by the second engine.
2. The propulsion system of claim 1 , wherein the generator comprises at least one of an induction alternator, a permanent magnet synchronous alternator, a wound rotor synchronous alternator, a switched reluctance generator, and a DC generator.
3. The propulsion system of claim 1 , wherein the electrical converter comprises at least one Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), wherein IGBTs of the electrical converter of the first engine is switched on, and wherein IGBTs of the electrical converter of the second engine are switched off.
4. A propulsion system, comprising:
(a) a plurality of engine systems, each engine system comprising;
an engine;
one or more energy storage systems;
a generator operable to convert mechanical energy output by the engine into electrical energy;
an electrical converter operable to convert the outputted generator electrical energy into direct current electrical energy and to permit electrical energy to flow reversably in each of two directions; and
(b) a direct current bus connecting the plurality of engine systems, the one or more energy storage systems, the direct current bus being operable to carry the direct current electrical energy to and/or from the engine systems and the one or more energy storage systems, wherein, at a selected time, at least a first engine system is turned off and at least a second engine system or an energy storage system is turned on, wherein the electrical converter of the second engine or energy storage system is switched to provide electrical energy to the DC bus at a selected voltage level, and the electrical converter of the first engine is switched to receive electrical energy from the DC bus at a selected voltage level, whereby the first engine is activated using electrical energy supplied, via the DC bus, by the second engine or an energy storage system.
5. The propulsion system of claim 4 , wherein the generator comprises at least one of an induction alternator, a permanent magnet synchronous alternator, a wound rotor synchronous alternator, a switched reluctance alternator, and a DC generator.
6. The propulsion system of claim 4 , wherein the electrical converter comprises at least one Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), wherein IGBTs of the electrical converter of the first engine are switched on, and wherein IGBTs of the electrical converter of the second engine are switched off.
7. A propulsion system, comprising:
(a) a plurality of engine systems, each engine system comprising;
an engine;
a generator operable to convert mechanical energy output by the engine into electrical energy;
an electrical converter operable to convert the outputted generator electrical energy into direct current electrical energy and to permit electrical energy to flow reversably in each of two directions; and
(b) a direct current bus connecting the plurality of engine systems, the direct current bus being operable to carry the direct current electrical energy to and/or from the engine systems, wherein, during a first mode of operation, at least one engine system is turned on, wherein the electrical converter of the least one engine system is switched to receive electrical energy from the DC bus at a selected voltage level, whereby the at least one engine system dissipates at least a portion of electrical energy from the DC bus.
8. The propulsion system of claim 7 , wherein the first mode of operation comprises dynamic braking.
9. The propulsion system of claim 7 , wherein the generator comprises at least one of an induction alternator, a permanent magnet synchronous alternator, a wound rotor synchronous alternator, a switched reluctance alternator, and a DC generator.
10. The propulsion system of claim 7 , wherein the electrical converter comprises a plurality of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) and wherein IGBTs of the electrical converter of the at least one engine system are switched on.