Method of insulating a case of a solid propellant rocket motor
View Patent ↗This method permits manufacturing EPDM rocket motor insulation in which carbon fibers are dispersed and immobilized in the EPDM polymeric matrix but are not excessively fractured or fragmentized, i.e., broken into smaller fragments, when encountering degrees of shear necessary to homogeneously or otherwise distribute or disperse the carbon fibers in the EPDM polymeric matrix. The method is substantially solvent free and is performed via distributive/reduced shear mixing to distribute the fragile carbon fibers into a rubber matrix without excessive damage. According to one embodiment, at least about 50% of the elastomer composition introduced into the mixing apparatus is liquid EPDM terpolymer having sufficiently low molecular weight and high diene content to permit dispersion of the carbon fibers in the EPDM without substantial fragmentation of the fibers. According to another embodiment, mixing takes place in a kneader capable of rotating a screw having a discontinuous screw thread about the screw axis while superimposing an axially reciprocating stroke to the screw. The kneader imparts low shear distributive mixing of the carbon fibers in the EPDM terpolymer.
1. A method of insulating a case of a rocket motor loaded with a solid propellant, comprising:
providing a kneader comprising at least one housing module provided with a chamber, a plurality of kneader pins extending radially into the chamber from the at least one housing module, and a screw which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and movable along the longitudinal axis in a reciprocating motion, the screw having a peripheral surface including a plurality of screw flights arranged to collectively define a discontinuous screw thread extending along the longitudinal axis of the screw;
preparing insulation from a composition comprising at least one cross-linkable polymer and carbon fibers by introducing the composition into the kneader and rotating the screw along the longitudinal axis thereof while superimposing the longitudinal reciprocating motion to the screw under substantially solvent-free conditions;
curing the composition to form the insulation; and
insulating a case of a rocket motor with the insulation.
2. A method of insulating a case of a rocket motor loaded with a solid propellant, comprising:
providing a kneader comprising a plurality of kneader pins extending radially into a chamber of at least one housing module of the kneader and a screw, the screw rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and movable along the longitudinal axis in a reciprocating motion and the screw having a peripheral surface including a plurality of screw flights arranged to collectively define a discontinuous screw thread extending along the longitudinal axis of the screw;
preparing insulation from a composition comprising at least one cross-linkable ethylene propylene diene monomer (“EPDM”) terpolymer and carbon fibers by rotating the screw along the longitudinal axis thereof while superimposing an axially reciprocating motion to the screw to mix the composition under substantially solvent-free conditions;
curing the composition to form the insulation; and
insulating a case of a rocket motor with the insulation.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein insulating a case of a rocket motor comprises applying the insulation to an interior surface of the case and interposing the insulation between the interior surface and a solid propellant.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein preparing insulation from a composition comprising at least one cross-linkable EPDM terpolymer and carbon fibers comprises preparing the insulation from a composition comprising 100 weight percent of a cross-linkable liquid EPDM terpolymer and the carbon fibers.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein preparing insulation from a composition comprising at least one cross-linkable EPDM terpolymer and carbon fibers comprises preparing the insulation from a composition comprising at least about 90 weight percent of a cross-linkable liquid EPDM terpolymer and the carbon fibers.
6. The method of claim 2 , wherein preparing insulation from a composition comprising at least one cross-linkable EPDM terpolymer and carbon fibers comprises preparing the insulation from a composition comprising at least about 50 weight percent of a cross-linkable liquid EPDM terpolymer and the carbon fibers.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein preparing insulation from a composition comprising at least one cross-linkable EPDM terpolymer and carbon fibers comprises preparing the insulation from a composition that is free of a cross-linkable liquid EPDM terpolymer.
8. The method of claim 2 , wherein preparing insulation from a composition comprising at least one cross-linkable EPDM terpolymer and carbon fibers comprises preparing the composition from dry ingredients under conditions in which the composition comprises not more than about 5 weight percent of volatile solvent based on the dry ingredients in the composition.
9. The method of claim 2 , wherein preparing insulation from a composition comprising at least one cross-linkable EPDM terpolymer and carbon fibers comprises mixing the composition in the kneader in the absence of any volatile solvent.
10. A method of insulating a case of a rocket motor loaded with a solid propellant, comprising:
providing a kneader comprising a chamber, a plurality of kneader pins extending radially into the chamber, and a screw which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and movable along the longitudinal axis in a reciprocating motion, the screw having a peripheral surface comprising a plurality of screw flights arranged to collectively define a discontinuous screw thread extending along the longitudinal axis of the screw;
rotating the screw along the longitudinal axis thereof while superimposing an axial, oscillating motion to the screw to mix a composition comprising at least one cross-linkable polymer and carbon fibers in the kneader under substantially solvent-free conditions;
curing the composition to form insulation; and
insulating a case of a rocket motor with the insulation.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein preparing insulation from a composition comprising at least one cross-linkable polymer and carbon fibers comprises preparing the insulation from a composition comprising carbon fibers including a carbon content of greater than about 98 weight percent.