Method and device for performing cooling- or cryo-therapies for, e.g., angioplasty with reduced restenosis or pulmonary vein cell necrosis to inhibit atrial fibrillation employing microporous balloon
An enhanced method and device are provided to inhibit or reduce restenosis following angioplasty or stent placement. A porous balloon-tipped catheter is disposed in the area treated or opened through balloon angioplasty immediately following angioplasty. The balloon, which can have a dual balloon structure, may be delivered through a guiding catheter and over a guidewire already in place. A fluid such as a perfluorocarbon flows into the balloon to freeze the tissue adjacent the balloon, this cooling being associated with reduction of restenosis. A similar catheter may be used to reduce atrial fibrillation by inserting and inflating the porous balloon such that an exterior surface of the balloon, as well as a portion of the cold working fluid, from the microporosity contacts at least a partial circumference of the portion of the pulmonary vein adjacent the left atrium.
1. A catheter system to treat restenosis or atrial fibrillation, comprising: a catheter shaft; a warm balloon disposed on the catheter shaft, said warm balloon fluidically coupled to at least one lumen for inflating and deflating the warm balloon; and a cold balloon disposed on the catheter shaft, said cold balloon having at least one pore formed therein, and fluidically coupled to two lumens for circulating a cold working fluid to and from the cold balloon, such tat said cold balloon is located adjacent but proximal to said warm balloon,
wherein said warm balloon is structured and configured to anchor in a pulmonary vein, and
wherein said cold balloon is structured and configured to be disposed partially in the pulmonary vein and partially in the left atrium.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said warm balloon is made of silicone tubing.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein said warm balloon is secured by heat shrink tubing.
4. The system of claim 2 , wherein said warm balloon is secured by an adhesive.
5. The system of claim 2 , wherein said warm balloon is secured by bands.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein said bands are metal.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein said working fluid is a perfluorocarbon.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein said cold balloon has a length of between about 1 to 2½ cm and a diameter of between about 1 to 2½ cm.
9. The system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one marker band disposed within one or both of the cold balloon and the warm balloon.
10. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a set of mapping electrodes disposed distal of the warm balloon.
11. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an insulation sleeve disposed around the catheter shaft.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the insulation sleeve is formed of a foamed extrusion.
13. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a silicone sleeve disposed circumferentially about the catheter shaft adjacent a point at which at least one of the cold or warm balloons attaches to the catheter shaft.
14. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a gear pump, and wherein the cold working fluid is circulated by said gear pump.