Switchable display apparatus
A display apparatus comprises: an emissive spatial light modulator comprising an array of pixels each arranged to output randomly polarized light; a birefringent lens positioned to receive light from the spatial light modulator arranged in a first mode of operation of the display apparatus to direct light of a first polarization component into a first directional distribution and in a second mode of operation of the display apparatus to direct light of a second polarization component into a second directional distribution different from the first directional distribution; a quarter waveplate; and a linear polarizer. The quarter waveplate is arranged between the spatial light modulator and the birefringent lens and the linear polarizer is arranged on the opposite side of the birefringent lens from the quarter waveplate.
1. A display apparatus comprising:
an emissive spatial light modulator comprising an array of pixels each arranged to output substantially randomly polarized light;
a birefringent lens positioned to receive light from the spatial light modulator arranged to direct light of a first polarization component into a first directional distribution and to direct light of a second polarization component into a second directional distribution different from the first directional distribution;
a quarter waveplate; and
a linear polarizer,
wherein the quarter waveplate is arranged between the spatial light modulator and the birefringent lens and the linear polarizer is arranged on the opposite side of the birefringent lens from the quarter waveplate.
2. A display apparatus according to claim 1 ,
wherein the birefringent lens is a passive birefringent lens arranged to direct light of a first polarization component into said first directional distribution and to direct light of a second polarization component into said second directional distribution, and
the display apparatus further comprises a switchable polarization rotator arranged between the birefringent lens and the linear polarizer, the switchable polarization rotator being switchable between a first mode in which incident light of said first polarization component is output with a polarization allowing it to be passed by the linear polarizer and a second mode in which incident light of said second polarization component is output with a polarization allowing it to be passed by the linear polarizer.
3. A display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the birefringent lens is an active birefringent lens switchable between a first mode of operation in which light having a polarization allowing it to be passed by the linear polarizer is directed into said first directional distribution and a second mode of operation in which light having a said polarization allowing it to be passed by the linear polarizer is directed into said second directional distribution.
4. A display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said pixels of the spatial light modulator contain an organic electroluminescent material.
5. A display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the optical axis of the waveplate is aligned at substantially 45 degrees to the alignment of the birefringent optical axis of the birefringent material of the lens at the surface of the lens closest the waveplate.
6. A display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the second directional distribution is the same as the input distribution, whereby the birefringent lens has substantially no optical effect.