Adhesive compositions and methods of using the same
Adhesive compositions are described which comprise at least one organic sulfoxide, sulfone or sulfide and at least one ketone, ether, ester, amide or carbonate or a mixture thereof. The adhesive compositions also may contain one or more water insoluble polymers such as ABS, PVC and CPVC. Methods of adhesively bonding or welding a first plastic surface to a second plastic surface using these adhesive compositions also are described.
1. An adhesive composition which is free of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers, alkyl substituted benzenes and alkyl substituted naphthalenes and which comprises a mixture of:
(a) at least one organic sulfoxide, sulfone, or sulfide, or a mixture of two or more thereof, wherein the sulfoxide, sulfone and sulfide are characterized by the formulae R 2 SO (I) R 2 SO 2 (II) and R 2 S (III) respectively wherein each R is independently an alkyl or an aryl group, and
(b) at least one ketone, ether, ester, amide, carbonate, or a mixture of two or more thereof and
(c) from about 1% to about 60% by weight at least one water insoluble polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
2. The adhesive composition of claim 1 also comprising (d) at least one water-insoluble polymer comprising acrylic polymers, vinyl aromatic polymers and vinyl pyrrolidone polymers.
3. The adhesive composition of claim 1 also comprising from about 10 to about 15% by weight of polyvinyl chloride.
4. The adhesive composition of claim 1 wherein the ketone comprises acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, isophorone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, acetyl acetone or acetophenone, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
5. An adhesive composition which is free of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers, alkyl substituted benzenes and alkyl substituted naphthalenes and comprises:
(a) from about 1% to about 30% by weight of a water-insoluble polyvinyl chloride, a chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, or a mixture of two or more thereof, and
(b) a solvent mixture comprising (b-1) at least one organic sulfoxide, sulfone, or sulfide or a mixture of two or more thereof, wherein the sulfoxide, sulfone and sulfide are characterized by the formulae R 2 SO (I), R 2 SO 2 (II), and R 2 S (III) respectively wherein each R is independently an alkyl or an aryl group, and
(b-2) at least one ketone, ether, ester, amide or carbonate, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
6. The adhesive composition of claim 5 comprising from about 10 to about 15% by weight of polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, or mixtures of two or more thereof.
7. The adhesive composition of claim 5 wherein (b-1) is a dialkyl sulfoxide containing from 1 to about 5 carbon atoms.
8. The adhesive composition of claim 5 wherein (b-1) is dimethyl sulfoxide.
9. The adhesive composition of claim 5 wherein (b-2) comprises at least two ketones.
10. The adhesive composition of claim 5 wherein (b-2) comprises at least one ketone and N-methyl pyrrolidone.
11. The adhesive composition of claim 5 wherein the ketones comprise acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl propyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, isophorone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, acetyl acetone, acetophenone, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
12. The adhesive composition of claim 5 also comprising at least one second water insoluble polymer comprising acrylic polymers, vinyl aromatic polymers, vinyl pyrrolidone polymers, or a mixture thereof.
13. The adhesive composition of claim 5 also comprising at least one water-insoluble acrylic polymer.
14. An adhesive composition which is free of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers, alkyl substituted benzene and alkyl substituted naphthalene and comprises:
(a) from about 10% to about 15% by weight of polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, or mixtures of two or more thereof, and
(b) a solvent comprising a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and at least one ketone.
15. The adhesive composition of claim 14 wherein (a) is polyvinyl chloride.
16. The adhesive composition of claim 14 wherein the solvent comprises dimethyl sulfoxide and at least two ketones.
17. The adhesive composition of claim 14 wherein the solvent (b) comprises dimethyl sulfoxide, at least one ketone and N-methyl pyrrolidone.
18. The adhesive composition of claim 14 which is free of tetrahydrofuran.
19. A method of adhesively bonding or welding a first plastic surface to a second plastic surface which comprises:
(I) applying to the first surface or the second surface, or to both surfaces, the adhesive composition of claim 1 ;
(II) contacting the first surface with the second surface; and
(III) allowing the adhesive composition to form a bond or weld between the first surface and the second surface.
20. A method of adhesively bonding or welding a first plastic surface to a second plastic surface which comprises:
(I) applying to the first surface or the second surface, or to both surfaces, the adhesive composition of claim 5 ;
(II) contacting the first surface with the second surface; and
(III) allowing the adhesive composition to form a bond or weld between the first surface and the second surface.