Aqueous chromophore and/or effect-producing coating material, and use of the same

1. An aqueous color, effect, or color and effect coating material which is free from rheological aids based on phyllosilicates, comprising:

(A) at least one polyurethane which is water-soluble, water-dilutable; water-dispersible, of a combination thereof, selected from the group consisting of ionically stabilized polyurethanes based on polyisocyanates; ionically and nonionically stabilized polyurethanes based on polyisocyanates; ionically stabilized polyurethanes based on polyisocyanates and grafted with olefinically unsaturated compounds; and ionically and nonionically stabilized polyurethanes based on polyisocyanates and grafted with olefinically unsaturated compounds;

wherein the polyisocyanates are selected from the group consisting of aliphatic polyisocyanates, cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates, aliphatic-cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates, aromatic polyisocyanates, aliphatic-aromatic polyisocyanates, cycloaliphatic-aromatic polyisocyanates, and a combination thereof;

(B) at least one color pigment, effect pigment, or color and effect pigment;

(C) at least one dispersing assistant for the color pigment, effect pigment, or color and effect pigments, comprising the reaction products of:

(c1) at least one functionalized copolymer comprising:

(c11) at least one copolymerized olefinically unsaturated monomer comprising at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of isocyanate groups, anhydride groups and epoxy groups; and

(c12) at least one copolymerized olefinically unsaturated monomer which is free from isocyanate-, anhydride- and epoxy-reactive functional groups;

(c2) at least one homopolymeric polyalkylene glycol, and

(c3) at least one compound of the general formula I:

NR 2 —C(O)NR 2   (I)

in which the variables R are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms and organic, saturated and unsaturated, substituted and unsubstituted, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aliphatic-cycloaliphatic, aromatic, aliphatic-aromatic and cycloaliphatic-aromatic radicals which may contain at least one amino group —NH—, at least one oxygen atom —O—and/or at least one sulfur atom —S—and/or may be cyclically linked to one another, at least one organic radical R being present and the radical R or at least one of the radicals R containing at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of isocyanate-, anhydride- and epoxy-reactive groups; and

(D) at least one rheological aid based on (meth)acrylate copolymers.

2. The coating material of claim 1 , curable thermally or thermally and with actinic radiation.

3. The coating material of claim 1 , which is selected from the group consisting of a one-component system, a two-component system, and a multicomponent system.

4. The coating material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one effect pigment (B) is selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic, colored and achromatic, optical-effect, electrically conductive, magnetically shielding, and fluorescent pigments and mixtures thereof.

5. The coating material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one color pigments (B) is selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic pigments.

6. The coating material of claim 1 , further comprising pigments (B) selected from the group consisting of extending, rheology control, scratchproofing, corrosion-protective, transparent, and hiding pigments and mixtures thereof.

7. The coating material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one rheological aid (D) comprises salts of polyacrylic acid.

8. The coating material of claim 1 , further comprising at least one crosslinking agent, at least one organic solvent, at least one neutralizing agent, and at least one organic or inorganic coatings additive.

9. The coating material of claim 8 , wherein the at least one organic or inorganic coatings additive is selected from the group consisting of non-(A) binders curable thermally and/or with actinic radiation, reactive diluents for the thermal curing or actinic radiation curing, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, free-radical scavengers, free-radical polymerization initiators, thermal crosslinking catalysts, photoinitiators and photocoinitiators, slip additives, polymerization inhibitors, defoamers, emulsifiers, wetting agents, dispersants, adhesion promoters, leveling agents, film-forming auxiliaries, non-(D) rheology control additives (thickeners) with the exception of phyllosilicates, flame retardants, siccatives, dryers, antiskinning agents, corrosion inhibitors, waxes, and flatting agents and mixtures thereof.

10. A single-coat color and/or effect paint system comprising the coating material of in claim 1 .

11. A substrate comprising the single-coat color and/or effect paint system of claim 10 , selected from the group consisting of motor vehicle bodies and parts thereof, the interior and exterior of motor vehicles, interior and exterior architecture, doors, windows, furniture, hollow glassware, small parts, coils, containers, packaging, electrical components, and white goods and combinations thereof

12. A multicoat color and/or effect paint system comprising the coating material of in claim 1 .

13. A substrate comprising the multicoat color and/or effect paint system of claim 12 , selected from the group consisting of motor vehicle bodies and parts thereof, the interior and exterior of motor vehicles, interior and exterior architecture, doors, windows, furniture, hollow glassware, small parts, coils, containers, packaging, electrical components, and white goods and combinations thereof.