Punch for cold forming operations
A cemented carbide tool containing tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, niobium carbide, possibly TaC, cobalt, chromium and possibly nickel, iron, molybdenum is disclosed. The composition of the materials provides a lighter material than usual, combined with a good resistance to corrosion as well as high hardness and wear resistance. These properties are particularly interesting for the manufacture of punch tools for cold forming operations. Cold forming tools made with these materials will have much better performance, particularly more steady performance and much longer lifetime. A method of cold forming and drawing, particularly deep drawing and ironing process of aluminum and steel beverage can manufacturing, is also disclosed.
1. A punch for manufacturing of aluminum or steel beverage cans, comprising a cemented carbide consisting essentially of, in wt-%:
70 to 90 WC having an average grain size of <2 μm;
2 to 8 TiC;
1 to 9 NbC;
0 to 3 TaC; and
5 to 20 binder phase, wherein the binder phase includes, in wt-%, 10 to 98 Co, 0 to 50 Ni, 2 to 15 Cr, 0 to 50 Fe and 0 to 10 Mo.
2. The punch according to claim 1 , wherein the cemented carbide consists essentially of, in wt-%: 75 to 85 WC, 2 to 6 TiC, 2 to 7 NbC, 0 to 1 TaC and 8 to 13 binder phase.
3. The punch according to claim 1 , wherein the cemented carbide consists of, in wt-%: 70 to 90 WC, 2 to 8 TiC, 1 to 9 NbC and 5 to 20 binder phase, and wherein the binder phase consists of, in wt-%: 25 to 60 Co, 35 to 50 Ni and 5 to 15 Cr.
4. The punch according to claim 3 , wherein the cemented carbide consists of, in wt-%: 75 to 85 WC, 2 to 6 TiC, 2 to 7 NbC and 8 to 13 binder phase, and wherein the binder phase consists of, in wt-%: 25 to 60 Co, 35 to 50 Ni and 5 to 15 Cr.
5. The punch according to claim 1 , wherein the cemented carbide consists of, in wt-%: 70 to 90 WC, 2 to 8 TiC, 1 to 9 NbC and 5 to 20 binder phase, and wherein the binder phase consists of, in wt-%: 10 to 30 Co, 5 to 15 Cr, 25 to 45 Ni, 25 to 45 Fe and 1 to 10 Mo.
6. The punch according to claim 5 , wherein the cemented carbide consists of, in wt-%: 75 to 85 WC, 2 to 6 TiC, 2 to 7 NbC and 8 to 13 binder phase, and wherein the binder phase consists of, in wt-%: 10 to 30 Co, 5 to 15 Cr, 25 to 45 Ni, 25 to 45 Fe and 1 to 10 Mo.
7. The punch according to claim 1 , wherein the cemented carbide consists of, in wt-%: 70 to 90 WC, 2 to 8 TiC, 1 to 9 NbC and 8 to 14 binder phase, and wherein the binder phase consists of, in wt-%: 95 to 97 Co and 3 to 5 Cr.
8. The punch according to claim 7 , wherein the cemented carbide consists of, in wt-%: 75 to 85 WC, 2 to 6 TiC, 2 to 7 NbC and 9.5 to 12.5 binder phase, and wherein the binder phase consists of, in wt-%: 95 to 97 Co and 3 to 5 Cr.
9. A method of manufacturing of aluminum or steel beverage cans, the method comprising:
a deep drawing or an ironing operation utilizing a punch, wherein the punch includes a cemented carbide consisting essentially of, in wt-%:
70 to 90 WC having an average grain size of <2 μm,
2 to 8 TiC,
1 to 9 NbC,
0 to 3 TaC, and
5 to 20 binder phase, wherein the binder phase includes, in wt-%, 10 to 98 Co, 0 to 50 Ni, 2 to 15 Cr, 0 to 50 Fe and 0 to 10 Mo.
10. A method of manufacturing of a tubular casing, the method comprising:
a deep drawing or an ironing operation utilizing a punch, wherein the punch includes a cemented carbide consisting essentially of, in wt-%:
70 to 90 WC having an average grain size of <2 μm,
2 to 8 TiC,
1 to 9 NbC,
0 to 3 TaC, and
5 to 20 binder phase, wherein the binder phase includes, in wt-%, 10 to 98 Co, 0 to 50 Ni, 2 to 15 Cr, 0 to 50 Fe and 0 to 10 Mo.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the tubular casing is a dry cell battery casing.
12. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the tubular casing is an aerosol can.