Method and apparatus for skin absorption enhancement and transdermal drug delivery
A method and apparatus for transdermal drug delivery to be provided to a patient's skin, includes performing a dermabrasion treatment of the patient's skin so as to lower a skin impedance to below a first value. It also includes providing at least one burst of electrical pulses to the patient's skin that has been dermabrasion treated, wherein each pulses in the at least one burst of electrical pulses is stabilized with respect to a current amount.
1. An apparatus for performing transdermal drug delivery to be provided to a patient's skin, comprising:
a measuring unit configured to measure a skin impedance of the patient's skin and to obtain a skin impedance value; and
a transformer configured to create at least one burst of electrical pulses to be provided to the patient's skin, wherein each of the pulses in the at least one burst of electrical pulses is stabilized with respect to an amount of current, based on the skin impedance value;
at least one electrode configured to receive the at least one burst of electrical pulses from the transformer and to provide the at least one burst of electrical pulses to the patient's skin; and
a processor configured to receive a measured rms voltage corresponding to the at least one burst of electrical pulses, a measured rms current corresponding to the at least one burst of electrical pulses, and to divide the rms voltage by the rms current to obtain the skin impedance value,
wherein the at least one burst of electrical pulses is stabilized with respect to the amount of current by way of a resistor disposed between a primary winding of the transformer and a supply voltage potential with no other elements provided therebetween.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 ,
wherein the at least one burst of electrical pulses is stopped from being provided to the patient's skin when the impedance of the patient's skin is determined to be greater than a predetermined impedance value.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the predetermined impedance value is 500 Ohms×square centimeter.
4. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the predetermined impedance value is 200 Ohms×square centimeter.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one burst of electrical pulses comprises a plurality of square-shaped, current stabilized pulses.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the least one burst of electrical pulses comprises a plurality of alternately-polarized, current-stabilized pulses.
7. A method for performing transdermal drug delivery to a patient's skin, comprising:
providing, by way of a probe, a plurality of bursts of electronic pulses to the patient's skin at a same time a drug is applied to the patient's skin;
stabilizing the plurality of bursts of electronic pulses by virtue of a disposition of a resistor provided between a supply voltage potential and a primary winding of a transformer that outputs the plurality of bursts of electronic pulses with no other elements provided therebetween; and
in between the providing of the plurality of bursts of electronic pulses to the patient's skin, applying either alternate-polarity square pulses or sinusoidal pulses to the patient's skin.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the plurality of bursts of electronic pulses and the alternate-polarity square pulses or the sinusoidal pulses to the plurality of electrodes are created by way of a transformer.