Microarrays utilizing hydrogels
A method of making a microarray by coating a flat substrate with a polymerizable hydrogel layer which contains anchoring moieties dispersed uniformly therethroughout. Following curing, a continuous layer of uniform thickness is securely attached to the upper surface of the substrate through an array region thereof. A plurality of different probes are then attached to create microspots at distinct spatial locations on the surface of this slab layer by linking the probes to the anchoring moieties in the cured hydrogel. Such anchoring moieties may employ linking systems such as organic chelators, that are activated by copper or some other metal, and complementary pairs such as avidin-biotin.
1. A microarray for assaying for target material in a biological sample, which microarray comprises:
a solid, flat substrate having an upper surface that is functionalized with organic molecules,
a polymerized hydrogel continuous layer of uniform thickness of at least about 5 microns completely covering an array region of the surface, the layer including anchoring moieties in the form of either organic chelators or streptavidin covalently linked to the hydrogel via isocyanate groups thereof and dispersed uniformly therethroughout, the hydrogel comprising a prepolymer of (a) PEG or PPG or a copolymer thereof of a molecular weight between about 5,000 and about 30,000 daltons and (b) difunctional and/or polyfunctional isocyanates, which prepolymer has active isocyanate groups present in an amount between about 0.1 meq/g and about 1 meq/g and is crosslinked by urea bonds into a porous hydrogel, and
a plurality of different probes attached at distinct spatial locations throughout the at least about 5 micron thick hydrogel layer covering the upper surface to create a plurality of microspots,
the probes being linked to the anchoring moieties in said polymerized hydrogel layer, and regions surrounding each of the microspots being essentially free from probes and resistant to non-specific binding of target materials.