Exercise apparatus with coupled motion mechanism

1. Exercise apparatus comprising a coupled dual four-bar mechanism comprising first and second four-bar mechanisms, said first four-bar mechanism comprising first, second, third, and fourth links connected respectively by first, second, third and fourth pivot joints, said first link being connected to said second link at said first pivot joint, said second link being connected to said third link at said second pivot joint, said third link being connected to said fourth link at said third pivot joint, said fourth link being connected to said first link at said fourth pivot joint, said first and second links pivoting relative to each other about a first pivot axis at said first pivot joint, said second and third links pivoting relative to each other about a second pivot axis at said second pivot joint, said third and fourth links pivoting relative to each other about a third pivot axis at said third pivot joint, said fourth and first links pivoting relative to each other about a fourth pivot axis at said fourth pivot joint, said second four-bar mechanism comprising fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth links connected respectively by fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth pivot joints, said fifth link being connected to said sixth link at said fifth pivot joint, said sixth link being connected to said seventh link at said sixth pivot joint, said seventh link being connected to said eighth link at said seventh pivot joint, said eighth link being connected to said fifth link at said eighth pivot joint, said fifth and sixth links pivoting relative to each other about a fifth pivot axis at said fifth pivot joint, said sixth and seventh links pivoting relative to each other about a sixth pivot axis at said sixth pivot joint, said seventh and eighth links pivoting relative to each other about a seventh pivot axis at said seventh pivot joint, said eighth and fifth links pivoting relative to each other about an eighth pivot axis at said eighth pivot joint, one of said links of said first four-bar mechanism having a first user-engagement surface guiding movement of a first body part of a user, one of said links of said second four-bar mechanism having a second user-engagement surface guiding movement of a second body part of said user, a given link of said first four-bar mechanism being connected to a given link of said second four-bar mechanism at a common connection, wherein said first user-engagement surface guides movement of said first body part of said user in three dimensional motion via the first, second, third, and fourth links pivoting about their respective pivot axes, and said second user-engagement surface guides movement of said second body part of said user in three dimensional motion via the fifth, six, seventh, and eighth links pivoting about their respective pivot axes.

2. The exercise apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said first link is a first ground link, said second link is a first grounded link, said third link is a first coupler link, said fourth link is a second grounded link, said fifth link is a second ground link, said sixth link is a third grounded link, said seventh link is a second coupler link, and said eighth link is a fourth grounded link.

3. The exercise apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said first and fifth links comprise a common ground link, said fourth and eighth links comprise a common rocker link, said first coupler link has said first user-engagement surface, said second coupler link has second user-engagement surface, said first and second coupler links are connected to each other at said common connection, and said common connection comprises said third and seventh pivot joints.

4. The exercise apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said second and sixth links are spaced on distally opposite sides of said common point and extend distally oppositely relative thereto.

5. The exercise apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said first and fifth pivot axes are coincident, and said fourth and eighth pivot axes are coincident and define a 90 degree angle between said coincident first and fifth pivot axes at said common point.

6. The exercise apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said third and seventh pivot axes are coincident at said common pivot.

7. The exercise apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth pivot axes all go through a common point.

8. The exercise apparatus according to claim 7 wherein at least said third and seventh links traverse along a sphere having a center at said common point.

9. The exercise apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said one link of said first four-bar mechanism is said first coupler link, said one link of said second four-bar mechanism is said second coupler link.

10. The exercise apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said given link of said first four-bar mechanism is said first coupler link, said given link of said second four-bar mechanism is said second coupler link, and said common connection comprises a common pivot comprising said third and seventh pivot joints.

11. The exercise apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said exercise apparatus comprises an upper body exercise apparatus wherein said first user-engagement surface of said first coupler link is engaged by the right hand of said user, and said second user-engagement surface of said second coupler link is engaged by the left hand of said user.

12. The exercise apparatus according to claim 11 wherein said first coupler link comprises first and second segments on distally opposite sides of said second pivot joint and extending in distally opposite directions from said second pivot joint, said first segment extending from said second pivot joint to said third pivot joint, said second segment providing said first user-engagement surface, and said second coupler link comprises third and fourth segments on distally opposite sides of said sixth pivot joint and extending in distally opposite directions from said sixth pivot joint, said third segment extending from said sixth pivot joint to said seventh pivot joint, said fourth segment providing said second user-engagement surface.

13. Exercise apparatus comprising a coupled dual four-bar mechanism comprising first and second four-bar mechanisms, said first four-bar mechanism comprising first, second, third, and fourth links connected respectively by first, second, third and fourth pivot joints, said first link being connected to said second link at said first pivot joint, said second link being connected to said third link at said second pivot joint, said third link being connected to said fourth link at said third pivot joint, said fourth link being connected to said first link at said fourth pivot joint, said first and second links pivoting relative to each other about a first pivot axis at said first pivot joint, said second and third links pivoting relative to each other about a second pivot axis at said second pivot joint, said third and fourth links pivoting relative to each other about a third pivot axis at said third pivot joint, said fourth and first links pivoting relative to each other about a fourth pivot axis at said fourth pivot joint, said second four-bar mechanism comprising fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth links connected respectively by fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth pivot joints, said fifth link being connected to said sixth link at said fifth pivot joint, said sixth link being connected to said seventh link at said sixth pivot joint, said seventh link being connected to said eighth link at said seventh pivot joint, said eighth link being connected to said fifth link at said eighth pivot joint, said fifth and sixth links pivoting relative to each other about a fifth pivot axis at said fifth pivot joint, said sixth and seventh links pivoting relative to each other about a sixth pivot axis at said sixth pivot joint, said seventh and eighth links pivoting relative to each other about a seventh pivot axis at said seventh pivot joint, said eighth and fifth links pivoting relative to each other about an eighth pivot axis at said eighth pivot joint, one of said links of said first four-bar mechanism having a first user-engagement surface guiding movement of a first body part of a user, one of said links of said second four-bar mechanism having a second user-engagement surface guiding movement of a second body part of said user, a given link of said first four-bar mechanism being connected to a given link of said second four-bar mechanism at a common connection, wherein said first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth pivot axes all go through a common point.

14. The exercise apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said second link is a first crank input rotating in a first rotary motion plane and said sixth link is a second crank input rotating in a second rotary motion plane.