Compounds for the modulation of PPARγ activity
Modulators of PPARγ activity are provided which are useful in pharmaceutical compositions and methods for the treatment of conditions such as type II diabetes and obesity.
1. A compound having the formula:
wherein
Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl;
X is a divalent linkage selected from the group consisting of —O—, —C(O)—, —S(O) k — and —CH 2 —,
wherein
the subscript k is an integer of from 0 to 2;
Y is N(R 12 )—S(O) m —,
wherein
R 12 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl; and the subscripts m and n are independently integers of from 0 to 2;
R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl, aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy, —C(O)R 14 , —CO 2 R 14 , —C(O)NR 15 R 16 , —S(O) p —R 14 , —S(O) q —NR 15 R 16 , —O—C(O)—OR 17 , —O—C(O)—R 17 , —O—C(O)—NR 15 R 16 , —N(R 14 )—C(O)—NR 15 R 16 , —N(R 14 )—C(O)—R 17 and —N(R 14 )—C(O)—OR 17 ;
wherein
R 14 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl;
R 15 and R 16 are members independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl, and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, or taken together with the nitrogen to which each is attached form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring;
R 17 is a member selected from the group consisting of (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl;
the subscript p is an integer of from 0 to 3; and
the subscript q is an integer of from 1 to 2; and
R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl; and
R 3 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, nitro and (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound.
2. A compound of claim 1 , wherein R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl selected from the group consisting of phenyl, pyridyl, naphthyl and pyridazinyl.
3. A compound of claim 2 , wherein Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group.
4. A compound of claim 3 , represented by a formula selected from the group consisting of
5. A compound of claim 3 , represented by a formula selected from the group consisting of
6. A compound of claim 5 , wherein
X is a divalent linkage selected from the group consisting of —CH 2 —, —O—, —C(O)—, and —S—;
Y is —N(R 12 )—S(O) 2 —,
wherein
R 12 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl;
R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy, —C(O)R 14 , —CO 2 R 14 , —C(O)NR 15 R 16 , —S(O) p —R 14 , —S(O) q —NR 15 R 16 , —O—C(O)—R 17 , and —N(R 14 )—C(O)—R 17 ;
wherein
R 14 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, hetero(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, aryl and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl;
R 15 and R 16 are members independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, or taken together with the nitrogen to which each is attached form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring;
R 17 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl;
the subscript p is an integer of from 0 to 2; and
the subscript q is 2; and
R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl; and
R 3 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen and (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy.
7. A compound of claim 6 , wherein X is —O—, or —S—; Y is —NH—SO 2 —; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy, —C(O)R 14 , —CO 2 R 14 , —C(O)NR 15 R 16 , —S(O) p —R 14 and —S(O) q —NR 15 R 16 ; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
8. A compound of claim 7 , wherein Ar 1 is a phenyl group having from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NO 2 ; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl and (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
9. A compound of claim 2 , wherein Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group.
10. A compound of claim 9 , represented by a formula selected from the group consisting of
11. A compound of claim 10 , represented by a formula selected from the group consisting of
12. A compound of claim 11 , wherein
X is a divalent linkage selected from the group consisting of —CH 2 —, —O—, —C(O)—, and —S—;
wherein
R 11 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl;
Y is —N(R 12 )—S(O) 2 —,
wherein
R 12 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl;
R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy, —C(O)R 14 , —CO 2 R 14 , —C(O)NR 15 R 16 , —S(O) p —R 14 , —S(O) q —NR 15 R 16 , —O—C(O)—R 17 , and —N(R 14 )—C(O)—R 17 ;
wherein
R 14 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, hetero(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, aryl and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl;
R 15 and R 16 are members independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, or taken together with the nitrogen to which each is attached form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring;
R 17 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl;
the subscript p is an integer of from 0 to 2; and
the subscript q is 2; and
R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl; and
R 3 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen and (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy.
13. A compound of claim 12 , wherein X is —O— or —S—; Y is —NH—SO 2 —; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy, —C(O)R 14 , —CO 2 R 14 , —C(O)NR 15 R 16 , —S(O) p —R 14 and —S(O) q —NR 15 R 16 ; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
14. A compound of claim 13 , wherein Ar 1 is a naphthyl group having from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NO 2 ; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl and (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
15. A compound of claim 2 , wherein R 2 is substituted phenyl.
16. A compound of claim 7 , wherein X is —O—.
17. A compound of claim 7 , wherein X is —S—.
18. A compound of claim 7 , wherein the compound is of formula Ii.
19. A compound of claim 9 , wherein Ar 1 is unsubstituted naphthyl.
20. A compound of claim 13 , wherein X is —S—.
21. A compound of claim 13 , wherein X is —O—.
22. A compound of claim 13 , wherein the compound is of formula Ii.
23. A composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient and a compound having the formula:
wherein
Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl;
X is a divalent linkage selected from the group consisting of —O—, —C(O)—, —S(O) k — and —CH 2 —,
wherein
the subscript k is an integer of from 0 to 2;
Y is N(R 12 )—S(O) m —,
wherein
R 12 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl; and the subscripts m and n are independently integers of from 0 to 2;
R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl, aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy, —C(O)R 14 , —CO 2 R 14 , —C(O)NR 15 R 16 , —S(O) p —R 14 , —S(O) q —NR 15 R 16 , —O—C(O)—OR 17 , —O—C(O)—R 17 , —O—C(O)—NR 15 R 16 , —N(R 14 )—C(O)—NR 15 R 16 , —N(R 14 )—C(O)—R 17 and —N(R 14 )—C(O)—OR 17 ;
wherein
R 14 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl;
R 15 and R 16 are members independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl, and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, or taken together with the nitrogen to which each is attached form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring;
R 17 is a member selected from the group consisting of (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl;
the subscript p is an integer of from 0 to 3; and
the subscript q is an integer of from 1 to 2; and
R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl; and
R 3 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, nitro and (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound.
24. A composition of claim 23 , wherein R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl selected from the group consisting of phenyl, pyridyl, naphthyl and pyridazinyl.
25. A composition of claim 24 , wherein Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group.
26. A composition of claim 25 , wherein the compound is represented by a formula selected from the group consisting of
and wherein X is —O— or —S—; Y is —NH—SO 2 —; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy, —C(O)R 14 —CO 2 R 14 , —C(O)NR 15 R 16 , —S(O) p —R 14 and —S(O) q —NR 15 R 16 ; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
27. A composition of claim 26 , wherein Ar 1 is a phenyl group having from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NO 2 ; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl and (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
28. A composition of claim 27 , wherein the compound is of formula Ii.
29. A composition of claim 23 , wherein Ar 1 is substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group.
30. A composition of claim 29 , wherein the compound is represented by a formula selected from the group consisting of
and wherein X is —O— or —S—; Y is —NH—SO 2 —; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy, —C(O)R 14 , —CO 2 R 14 , —C(O)NR 15 R 16 , —S(O) p —R 14 and —S(O) q —NR 15 R 16 ; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
31. A composition of claim 30 , wherein Ar 1 is a naphthyl group having from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NO 2 ; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl and (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, − O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
32. A composition of claim 31 , wherein the compound is of formula Ii.
33. A method for treating a metabolic disorder in a host, said method comprising administering to said host an efficacious amount of a compound having the formula:
wherein
Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl;
X is a divalent linkage selected from the group consisting of —O—, —C(O)—, —S(O) k — and CH 2 —,
wherein
the subscript k is an integer of from 0 to 2;
Y is N(R 12 )—S(O) m —,
wherein
R 12 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl; and the subscripts m and n are independently integers of from 0 to 2;
R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl, aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy, —C(O)R 14 , —CO 2 R 14 , —C(O)NR 15 R 16 , —S(O) p —R 14 , —S(O) q —NR 15 R 16 , —O—C(O)—OR 17 , —O—C(O)—R 17 , —O—C(O)—NR 15 R 16 , —N(R 14 )—C(O)—NR 15 R 16 , —N(R 14 )—C(O)—R 17 and —N(R 14 )—C(O)—OR 17 ;
wherein
R 14 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl;
R 15 and R 16 are members independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl, and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, or taken together with the nitrogen to which each is attached form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring;
R 17 is a member selected from the group consisting of (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, aryl and aryl(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl;
the subscript p is an integer of from 0 to 3; and
the subscript q is an integer of from 1 to 2; and
R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl; and
R 3 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, nitro and (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound;
wherein said metabolic disorder is selected from the group consisting of non-insulin-dependent diabetus mellitus (NIDDM), obesity and hypercholesterolemia.
34. The method of claim 33 , wherein R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl selected from the group consisting of phenyl, pyridyl, naphthyl and pyridazinyl.
35. The method of claim 33 , wherein Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group.
36. The method of claim 35 , wherein the compound is represented by a formula selected from the group consisting of
and wherein X is —O— or —S—; Y is —NH—SO 2 —; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy, —C(O)R 14 , —CO 2 R 14 , —C(O)NR 15 R 16 , —S(O) p —R 14 and —S(O) q —NR 15 R 16 ; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
37. The method of claim 36 , wherein Ar 1 is a phenyl group having from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NO 2 ; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl and (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
38. The method of claim 37 , wherein the compound is of formula Ii.
39. The method of claim 33 , wherein Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group.
40. The method of claim 39 , wherein the compound represented by a formula selected from the group consisting of
and wherein X is —O— or —S—; Y is —NH—SO 2 —; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy, —C(O)R 14 , —CO 2 R 14 —C(O)NR 15 R 16 , —S(O) p —R 14 and —S(O) q —NR 15 R 16 ; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
41. The method of claim 40 , wherein Ar 1 is a naphthyl group having from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NO 2 ; R 1 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, (C 2 -C 8 )heteroalkyl and (C 1 -C 8 )alkoxy; R 2 is a phenyl group having from 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OCF 3 , —OH, —O(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —C(O)—(C 1 -C 8 )alkyl, —CN, —CF 3 , (C 1 -C 8 )alkyl and —NH 2 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methoxy and trifluoromethoxy.
42. The method of claim 41 , wherein the compound is of formula Ii.
43. The method of claim 33 , wherein said host is a mammal selected from the group consisting of humans, dogs, monkeys, mice, rats, horses and cats.
44. The method of claim 33 , wherein said administering is oral.
45. The method of claim 33 , wherein said metabolic disorder is NIDDM.
46. The method of claim 33 , wherein said metabolic disorders are mediated by PPARγ.