Method for regeneration of iron-loaded denox catalysts
The invention relates to a method for regenerating denox catalysts having an increased SO 2 /SO 3 conversion rate as a result of the cumulation of iron compounds, and is characterized in that the catalysts are treated with an essentially aqueous acid solution, preferably having a pH between 0.5 and 4, and with an addition of antioxidants.
1. A method for removing iron from a denox catalyst, comprising the steps of:
analyzing the denox catalyst for iron content; and
placing the denox catalyst in an acidic solution of at least one inorganic or organic acid and at least one antioxidant to remove at least a portion of the iron on the denox catalyst, wherein the at least one organic acid is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, citric acid, malonic acid, formic acid, chloroacetic acid, and benzene sulfonic acid, and the at least one antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of substituted phenols, hydroquinones, catechols, aliphatic mercapto compounds, araliphatic mercapto compounds, aromatic mercapto compounds, dithiocarbonates, hydroxycarboxylic acids, enediols, phosphites, and phosphonates.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid solution is comprised of at least one inorganic acid selected from the group consisting of H 2 SO 4 , HCl, H 3 PO 4 and HNO 3 .
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antioxidant is in the form of an ester or a metal complex.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the acidic solution is at a pH of from 0.5 to 4.0.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the acidic solution contains at least one enediol selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid and isoascorbic acid.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the acidic solution contains at least one anionic, cationic, amphoteric, non-ionic or zwitterionic surfactant.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the antioxidant content is from 0.2 to 2.0 wt. %.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the acidic solution is at a temperature of from ambient temperature to 100° C.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the denox catalyst placed in the acidic solution, the acidic solution into which the denox catalyst is placed, or both, is moved.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the denox catalyst is moved by lifting, the acidic solution is moved by agitation or recirculation, or both the catalyst and acidic solution are moved by lifting and agitation or recirculation, respectively.
11. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising treating the denox catalyst with an ultrasonic treatment in the acidic solution or treating the denox catalyst with low-frequency oscillations in the acidic solution.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the catalyst is treated with a low-frequency oscillation in a range from approximately 20 to 1000 Hz or ultrasound in a range from 10,000 to 100,000 Hz.
13. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the placing of the denox catalyst and the treating with the ultrasonic or low-frequency oscillations are carried out successively in separate basins.
14. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising subjecting the denox catalyst to mechanical pretreatment so as to remove dust, subjecting the catalyst to a pretreatment with water, or both.
15. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising, after placing the denox catalyst in the acidic solution, washing the catalyst with water, and drying the catalyst.
16. The method according to claim 15 , further comprising, after drying, re-impregnating activator elements into the denox catalyst.
17. A method for regenerating denox catalyst, comprising the steps of:
analyzing the denox catalyst for iron content;
placing the denox catalyst in an acidic solution of at least one inorganic or organic acid and at least one antioxidant to remove at least a portion of the iron, wherein the at least one organic acid is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, citric acid, malonic acid, formic acid, chloroacetic acid, and benzene sulfonic acid, and the at least one antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of substituted phenols, hydroquinones, catechols, aliphatic mercapto compounds, araliphatic mercapto compounds, aromatic mercapto compounds, dithiocarbonates, hydroxycarboxylic acids, enediols, phosphites, and phosphonates; and
re-impregnating activator elements into the denox catalyst to regenerate the denox catalyst.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the acidic solution is comprised of at least one inorganic acid selected from the group consisting of H 2 SO 4 , HCl, H 3 PO 4 and HNO 3 .
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the antioxidant is in the form of an ester or a metal complex.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the acidic solution contains at east one enediol selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid and isoascorbic acid.