Platinum alloy catalyst
A platinum alloy catalyst can be used as a fuel cell catalyst. The platinum alloy is a PtAuX alloy wherein X is one or more metals chosen from the group consisting of transition metals, and wherein the alloy contains 40-97% Pt, 1-40% Au and 2-20% X. Electrodes, catalysed membranes and membrane electrode assemblies comprising the catalyst are also disclosed.
1. A catalyst comprising a PtAuX alloy wherein X is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of transition metals, and wherein the alloy contains 40-97% Pt, 1-40% Au and 2-20% X.
2. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein X is one or more metals selected from the first row transition metals.
3. A catalyst according to claim 2 , wherein X is one or more metals selected from Cr, Ti and Cu.
4. A catalyst according to claim 3 , wherein X is one or more metals selected from Cr and Ti.
5. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of Pt in the PtAuX alloy is 40-90%.
6. A catalyst according to claim 5 , wherein the amount of Pt in the PtAuX alloy is 50-80%.
7. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of Au in the PtAuX alloy is 5-40%.
8. A catalyst according to claim 7 , wherein the amount of Au in the PtAuX catalyst is 5-40%, excluding 8%.
9. A catalyst according to claim 7 , wherein the amount of Au in the PtAuX alloy is 9-40%.
10. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of X in the PtAuX alloy is 5-17%.
11. A catalyst according to claim 10 , wherein the amount of X in the PtAuX alloy is about 10-15%.
12. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the PtAuX alloy is dispersed on a conductive carbon material.
13. An electrode comprising a catalyst according to claim 1 deposited on an electronically conducting substrate.
14. A catalysed membrane comprising a catalyst according to claim 1 deposited on a polymer electrolyte membrane.
15. A membrane electrode assembly comprising a catalyst according to claim 1 .
16. A membrane electrode assembly according to claim 15 , wherein the catalyst is incorporated in the cathode.
17. A catalyst comprising a PtAuX alloy wherein X is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of transition metals, and wherein the alloy contains 40-97% Pt, 1-40% Au and 2-20% X, but does not contain 8% X or 12% X.
18. A catalyst according to claim 17 , wherein X is one or more metals selected from the first row transition metals.
19. A catalyst according to claim 18 , wherein X is one or more metals selected from Cr, Ti and Cu.
20. A catalyst according to claim 19 , wherein X is one or more metals selected from Cr and Ti.
21. A catalyst according to claim 17 , wherein the amount of Pt in the PtAuX alloy is 40-90%.
22. A catalyst according to claim 21 , wherein the amount of Pt in the PtAuX alloy is 50-80%.
23. A catalyst according to claim 17 , wherein the amount of Au in the PtAuX alloy is 5-40%.
24. A catalyst according to claim 23 , wherein the amount of Au in the PtAuX catalyst is 5-40%, excluding 8%.
25. A catalyst according to claim 24 , wherein the amount of Au in the PtAuX alloy is 9-40%.
26. A catalyst according to claim 17 , wherein the amount of X in the PtAuX alloy is 5-17%.
27. A catalyst according to claim 26 , wherein the amount of X in the PtAuX alloy is about 10-15%.
28. A catalyst according to claim 17 , wherein the PtAuX alloy is dispersed on a conductive carbon material.
29. An electrode comprising a catalyst according to claim 17 deposited on an electronically conducting substrate.
30. A catalysed membrane comprising a catalyst according to claim 17 deposited on a polymer electrolyte membrane.
31. A membrane electrode assembly comprising a catalyst according to claim 17 .
32. A catalyst comprising a ternary PtAuX alloy wherein the alloy consists of Pt, Au, and X, and X is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of transition metals, and wherein the alloy contains 40-97% Pt, 1-40% Au, and 2-20% X.
33. A catalyst consisting essentially of a PtAuX alloy dispersed on a conductive carbon material, wherein X is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of transition metals, and wherein the alloy contains 40-97% Pt, 1-40% Au, and 2-20% X.