Industrial process for separating out dialkyl carbonate
It is an object of the present invention to provide a specific apparatus and process for using a single distillation column on a low boiling point reaction mixture containing a large amount of a dialkyl carbonate and an aliphatic monohydric alcohol produced through a reactive distillation process of taking a cyclic carbonate and the aliphatic monohydric alcohol as starting materials, continuously feeding the starting materials into a continuous multi-stage distillation column in which a homogeneous catalyst is present, and carrying out reaction and distillation simultaneously in the column, so as to separate the low boiling point reaction mixture by distillation into a column top component B T having the aliphatic monohydric alcohol as a main component thereof and a column bottom component B B having the dialkyl carbonate as a main component thereof stably for a prolonged period of time industrially.
1. In an industrial process for separating out a dialkyl carbonate, comprising the steps of:
continuously feeding starting materials into a continuous multi-stage distillation column A in which a homogeneous catalyst is present by taking a cyclic carbonate and an aliphatic monohydric alcohol as the starting materials;
carrying out reactive distillation in said column A;
continuously withdrawing a high boiling point reaction mixture A B containing a produced diol from a lower portion of said column A in a liquid form;
continuously withdrawing a low boiling point reaction mixture A T containing a produced dialkyl carbonate and the aliphatic monohydric alcohol from an upper portion of said column A in a gaseous form;
continuously feeding said low boiling point reaction mixture A T into a continuous multi-stage distillation column B; and
carrying out separation by distillation into a column top component B T having the aliphatic monohydric alcohol as a main component thereof and a column bottom component B B having the dialkyl carbonate as a main component thereof, wherein the improvement which comprises:
said continuous multi-stage distillation column B comprises a distillation column comprising a stripping section having a length L 1 (cm), an inside diameter D 1 (cm) and an internal with a number of stages n 1 thereinside, and an enrichment section having a length L 2 (cm), an inside diameter D 2 (cm) and an internal with a number of stages n 2 thereinside, wherein L 1 , D 1 , n 1 , L 2 , D 2 , and n 2 satisfy the following formulae (1) to (8);
500≦L 1 ≦3000 (1)
100≦D 1 ≦1000 (2)
2 ≦L 1 /D 1 ≦30 (3)
10≦n 1 ≦40 (4)
700≦L 2 ≦5000 (5)
50≦D 2 ≦800 (6)
10 ≦L 2 /D 2 ≦50 (7), and
35≦n 2 ≦100 (8).
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein L 1 , D 1 , L 1 /D 1 , n 1 , L 2 , D 2 , L 2 /D 2 , and n 2 for said continuous multi-stage distillation column B satisfy 800≦L 1 ≦2500, 120≦D 1 ≦800, 5≦L 1 /D 1 ≦20, 13≦n 1 ≦25, 1500≦L 2 ≦3500, 70≦D 2 ≦600, 15≦L 2 /D 2 ≦30, 40≦n 2 ≦70, L 1 ≦L 2 , and D 2 ≦D 1 .
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the internal in each of the stripping section and the enrichment section of said continuous multi-stage distillation column B is a tray and/or a packing.
4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the internal in each of the stripping section and the enrichment section of said continuous multi-stage distillation column B is the tray.
5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein said tray is a sieve tray.
6. The process according to claim 5 , wherein said sieve tray has 150 to 1200 holes/m 2 in a sieve portion thereof, and a cross-sectional area per hole is in a range of from 0.5 to 5 cm 2 .
7. The process according to claim 5 , wherein said sieve tray has 200 to 1100 holes/m 2 in said sieve portion thereof, and the cross-sectional area per hole is in a range of from 0.7 to 4 cm 2 .
8. The process according to claim 5 , wherein said sieve tray has 250 to 1000 holes/m 2 in said sieve portion thereof, and the cross-sectional area per hole is in a range of from 0.9 to 3 cm 2 .
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said continuous multi-stage distillation column B has a column bottom temperature in a range of from 150 to 250° C.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said continuous multi-stage distillation column B has a reflux ratio in a range of from 0.5 to 5.
11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the dialkyl carbonate in said column bottom component B B is not less than 97% by weight based on 100% by weight of said column bottom component.
12. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the dialkyl carbonate in said column bottom component B B is not less than 99% by weight based on 100% by weight of said column bottom component.
13. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the dialkyl carbonate in said column bottom component B B is not less than 99.9% by weight based on 100% by weight of said column bottom component.
14. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said column top component B T is recycled as a starting material for producing the dialkyl carbonate and the diol.
15. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the cyclic carbonate comprises ethylene carbonate and/or propylene carbonate, the aliphatic monohydric alcohol comprises methanol and/or ethanol, and the dialkyl carbonate to be separated out comprises dimethyl carbonate and/or diethyl carbonate.
16. A dialkyl carbonate separated out by the process according to claim 1 , which comprises a halogen content of not more than 0.1 ppm.
17. A dialkyl carbonate separated out by the process according to claim 1 , which comprises a halogen content of not more than 1 ppb.
18. The dialkyl carbonate according to claim 16 , which comprises an aliphatic monohydric alcohol content of not more than 0.1% by weight.