Method of treating tumor growth and metastasis by using trifunctional antibodies to reduce the risk for GvHD in allogeneic antitumor cell therapy
The present invention refers to a method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal, the treating comprising administering allogeneic effector cells together with trifunctional bispecific or trispecific antibodies or a combination thereof having the following properties: a) binding to a T cell b) binding to at least one antigen on a tumor cell c) binding via their Fc portion in the case of trifunctional bispecific antibodies or via third specificity in the case of trispecific antibodies to Fc receptor positive cells; the antibodies redirecting the allogenic cells away from host tissues in order to substantially reduce or avoid a graft versus host disease.
1. A method of substantially reducing or avoiding a graft versus host disease during treatment of tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal, said method comprising in vivo administering allogeneic effector cells together with trifunctional bispecific antibodies having the following properties:
a) binding to CD3 on a T cell
b) binding to at least one antigen on a tumor cell
c) binding via their Fc portion to Fc receptor positive cells,
d) having one of the following subclass combinations:
i) rat-IgG2b/mouse-IgG2a,
ii) rat-IgG2b/mouse-IgG2b,
iii) rat-IgG2b/human-IgG1,
iv) mouse-[VH-CH1, VL-CL]-human-IgGI/rat-[VH-CH1, VL-CL]-human-IgG1[hinge]-human-IgG3*-[CH2-CH3] wherein*=caucasian allotypes G3m(b+g)=no binding to protein A,
wherein said allogeneic effector cells are Fc receptor positive cells and are a combination of lymphoid cells comprising T cells, NK cells and B cells and myeloid cells comprising monocytes and optionally additionally macrophages or dendritic cells or a combination thereof, whereby said tumor growth and metastasis is treated and graft versus host disease is substantially reduced or avoided in said mammal.
2. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein said allogeneic effector cells are lymphoid or myeloid cells or a combination thereof used in the form of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, whole bone marrow cells, cord blood and splenic cells.
3. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein said allogeneic effector cells are derived from a donor, matched or mismatched in HLA type to the host.
4. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein before administering said allogeneic effector cells together with said antibodies said mammal is treated in order to reduce its tumor load.
5. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein said mammal had not received an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and wherein before administering said allogeneic effector cells together with said antibodies said mammal is treated in order to induce a mild immunosuppression or conditioning to allow said administered allogeneic effector cells to survive for a time period which is necessary to accomplish tumor cell killing by said antibodies before a rejection reaction against said effector cells is initiated.
6. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 5 wherein said treatment to induce a mild immunosuppression or conditioning is performed by irradiation.
7. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein before administering said allogeneic effector cells together with said antibodies said mammal had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or bone marrow transplantation.
8. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein before administering said allogeneic effector cells together with said antibodies said mammal is treated in order to reduce its tumor load by irradiation, chemotherapy, immune therapy, surgery or a combination thereof.
9. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein said trifunctional antibodies are heterologous rat/mouse bi-specific antibodies.
10. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein said trifunctional antibodies are mouse IgG2a/rat IgG2b heterologous bi-specific antibodies.
11. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one antigen on a tumor cell recognized by said trifunctional antibodies is one of EpCAM, Her2/neu, EGF-receptor, GD2, GD3, G250, CEA, CD20, CD22, CD30, CD33, CD38 or CD138.
12. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein said tumor is a malignant tumor selected from leukemia, malignant lymphoma chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). acute leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), myelodysplasia (MDS), Hodgkin disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), multiple myeloma, sarcoma, melanoma, brain tumor, stomach cancer, tongue cancer, esophageal carcinoma, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, gallbladder carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, renal carcinoma, bladder cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, skin cancer, mammary cancer, testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, uterus carcinoma, and lung cancer.
13. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein said antibodies are used in an amount of 10-100 μg/patient and treatment.
14. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein said mammal is a human.
15. A method of treating tumor growth and metastasis in a mammal according to claim 1 , wherein said binding to Fc receptor positive cells comprises binding to Fcγ receptor type I or Fcγ receptor type III.