Plug, method of expanding inside diameter of metal pipe or tube using such plug, method of manufacturing metal pipe or tube, and metal pipe or tube
The plug is for expanding the inside diameter of the end portion of a metal pipe. Its cross section is a circle, and includes a taper portion and a parallel portion connected to the tail end of the taper portion. The diameter of the taper portion gradually increases from the head end of the taper portion to the tail end of the taper portion where the diameter is D 1 . The axial distance LR from the point where the diameter D 2 =D 1 ×0.99 to the tail end where the diameter is D 1 satisfies the Expression 22≦LR/((D 1 −D 2 )/2)≦115. The taper angle on the surface where the diameter is D 2 is larger than or equal to the taper angle on the tail surface of the taper portion following the point where the diameter is D 2 . The diameter of the parallel portion is D 1.
1. A plug for use in expanding an inside diameter of an end portion of a metal pipe or tube,
said plug having a circular cross section and including a taper portion and a parallel portion connected to a tail end of said taper portion, wherein
a diameter of said taper portion gradually increases from a head end of said taper portion to the tail end of said taper portion where the diameter at the tail end of the taper portion is D 1 ,
an axial distance LR from a point of said taper portion where the diameter is D 2 , wherein D 2 =D 1 ×0.99, to the tail end where the diameter is D 1 satisfies Expression (1):
22≦ LR /( D 1− D 2)/2)≦115 (1)
a taper angle on a surface of the taper portion where the diameter of the taper portion is D 2 is larger than or equal to a taper angle on a tail surface of said taper portion following a point where the diameter is D 2 , and
a diameter of said parallel portion is D 1 .
2. A method of expanding an inside diameter of an end portion of a metal pipe or tube, comprising the steps of:
pushing a plug into the metal pipe or tube in an axial direction from an end of the metal pipe or tube for a prescribed distance; and
stopping pushing said plug and pulling back in an inverse direction to an outside of the metal pipe or tube, wherein
said plug having a circular cross section and including a taper portion and a parallel portion connected to a tail end of said taper portion, wherein
a diameter of said taper portion gradually increases from a head end of said taper portion to the tail end of said taper portion where the diameter at the tail end of the taper portion is D 1 , an axial distance LR from a point of said taper portion where the diameter is D 2 , wherein D 2 =D 1 ×0.99, to the tail end where the diameter is D 1 satisfies Expression (1):
22≦ LR /(( D 1− D 2)/2)≦115 (1)
a taper angle on a surface of the taper portion where the diameter of the taper portion is D 2 is larger than or equal to a taper angle on a tail surface of said taper portion following a point where the diameter is D 2 , and
a diameter of said parallel portion is D 1 .
3. A method of manufacturing a metal pipe or tube, comprising the steps of:
piercing a billet in an axial direction to manufacture a hollow shell;
elongating said hollow shell in the axial direction;
sizing an outside diameter of said elongated hollow shell to manufacture said metal pipe or tube;
pushing a plug into said metal pipe or tube in the axial direction from an end of the metal pipe or tube for a prescribed distance; and
stopping pushing said plug and pulling back in an inverse direction to an outside of the metal pipe or tube, wherein
said plug having a circular cross section and including a taper portion and a parallel portion connected to a tail end of said taper portion, wherein
a diameter of said taper portion gradually increases from a head end of said taper portion to the tail end of said taper portion where the diameter at the tail end of the taper portion is D 1 , an axial distance LR from a point of said taper portion where the diameter is D 2 , where D 2 =D 1 ×0.99, to the tail end where the diameter is D 1 satisfies Expression (1):
22≦ LR /(( D 1− D 2)/2)≦115 (1)
a taper angle on a surface where the diameter of the taper portion is D 2 is larger than or equal to a taper angle on a tail surface of said taper portion following a point where the diameter is D 2 , and
a diameter of said parallel portion is D 1 .
4. A metal pipe or tube comprising:
a first hollow cylindrical portion near a center portion of said metal pipe or tube,
a second hollow cylindrical portion on at least one of the two end portions of said metal pipe or tube, and
a taper portion connecting said first and second hollow cylindrical portions, wherein
an outside diameter of said first hollow cylindrical portion is DA, an outside diameter of said second hollow cylindrical portion is DB, which is larger than the outside diameter DA of said first hollow cylindrical portion,
an outside diameter of said taper portion gradually increases from DA to DB from said first hollow cylindrical portion to the second hollow cylindrical portion, and
an axial distance LE between points DC and DB, where the diameter DC=DB×0.99, satisfies the following Expression:
22≦ LE /( DB−DC )/2)≦115.