Processes for producing monoammonium succinate from fermentation broths containing diammonium succinate, monoammonium succinate and/or succinic acid, and conversion of monoammonium succinate to succinic acid

1. A process for making MAS from a clarified fermentation broth containing an ammonium salt of succinic acid comprising:

(a) optionally adding at least one of MAS, DAS, SA, NH 3 , and NH 4 + , to the broth;

(b) distilling the broth to form an overhead that comprises water and ammonia, and a liquid bottoms that comprises MAS, at least some DAS, and at least about 20 wt % water;

(c) cooling and/or evaporating the bottoms, and optionally adding an antisolvent to the bottoms, to attain a temperature and composition sufficient cause the bottoms to separate into a DAS-containing liquid portion and a MAS-containing solid portion that is substantially free of DAS;

(d) separating the solid portion from the liquid portion; and

(e) recovering the solid portion.

2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solid portion is substantially free of succinamic acid, succinamide and succinimide.

3. The process of claim 1 , wherein distilling the broth is carried out in the presence of an ammonia separating solvent which is at least one selected from the group consisting of diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme, sulfoxides, amides, sulfones, polyethyleneglycol (PEG), gamma butyrolactone, butoxytriglycol, N-methylpyrolidone (NMP), ethers, and methyl ethyl (MEk) or in the presence of a water azeotroping solvent which is at leak one selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene; methylcyclohexane, methyl isobutyl ketone, hexane, cyclohexane and heptane.

4. The process of claim 1 , further comprising removing water from the liquid bottoms, to increase concentration of MAS in the liquid bottoms.

5. The process of claim 1 , wherein cooling the bottoms comprises cooling the liquid bottoms in a first stage at 50-70° C., cooling the liquid bottoms at a second stage at 30-50° C. and cooling the liquid bottoms at a third stage at 10-30° C.

6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the dicarboxylic acid is SA and the ammonium salt thereof is selected from the group consisting of DAS and MAS.

7. A process for making SA from a clarified fermentation broth containing an ammonium salt of SA comprising:

(a) optionally adding at least one of MAS, DAS, SA, NH 3 , and NH 4 + , to the broth;

(b) distilling the broth to form an overhead that comprises water and ammonia, and a liquid bottoms that comprises MAS, at least some DAS, and at least about 20 wt % water;

(c) cooling and/or evaporating the bottoms, and optionally adding an antisolvent to the bottoms, to attain'a temperature and composition sufficient to cause the bottoms to separate into a DAS-containing liquid portion and a MAS-containing solid portion that is substantially free of DAS;

(d) separating the solid portion from the liquid portion;

(e) recovering the solid portion;

(f) dissolving the first solid portion, in water to produce an aqueous MAS solution;

(g) distilling the aqueous MAS solution at a temperature and pressure sufficient to form a second overhead that comprises water and ammonia, and a second bottoms that comprises a major portion of SA, a minor portion of MAS, and water;

(h) cooling and/or evaporating the second bottoms to cause the second bottoms to separate into a second liquid portion and a second solid portion that consists essentially of SA and is substantially free of MAS;

(i) separating the second solid portion from the second liquid portion; and

(j) recovering the second solid portion.

8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the first and second solid portions are substantially free of succinamic acid, succinimide and succinimide.

9. The process of claim 7 , wherein distilling the broth and/or the MAS solution is carried out in the presence of an ammonia separating solvent which is at least one selected from the group consisting of diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme, sulfoxides, amides, sulfones, polyethyleneglycol (PEG), gamma butyrolactone, butoxytriglycol, N-methylpyrolidone (NMP), ethers, and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) or in the presence of a water azeotroping solvent which is at least one selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, methylcyclohexane, methyl isobutyl ketone, hexane, cyclohexane and heptane.

10. The process of claim 7 , further comprising removing water from the first liquid bottoms to increase concentration of MAS in the first liquid bottoms and from the second liquid bottoms to increase concentration of SA in the second liquid bottoms.

11. The process of claim 7 , wherein cooling the bottoms comprises cooling the liquid bottoms in a first stage at 50-70° C., cooling the liquid bottoms at a second stage at 30-50° C. and cooling the liquid bottoms at a third stage at 10-30° C.

12. A process for MXS from a clarified fermentation broth containing a salt of succinic acid, where X is at least one of NH 4 + , Na + and K + comprising:

(a) optionally adding at least one of SA, NH 3 , NH 4 + , Na + , and K + to the broth;

(b) distilling the broth to form an overhead that comprises water and optionally ammonia and a liquid bottoms that comprises MXS, at least some DYS where DYS comprises at least one of DAS, DNaS and DKS, and at least about 20 wt % water;

(c) cooling and/or evaporating the bottoms, and optionally adding an antisolvent to the bottoms, to attain a temperature and composition sufficient to cause the bottoms to separate into a DYS-containing liquid portion and a MXS-containing solid portion that is substantially free of DYS;

(d) separating the solid portion from the liquid portion; and

(e) recovering the solid portion.

13. The process of claim 12 , wherein the solid portion are substantially free of succinamic acid, succinamide and succinimide.

14. The process of claim 12 , wherein distilling the broth is carried out in the presence of an ammonia separating solvent which is at least one selected from the group consisting of diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme, sulfoxides, amides, sulfones, polyethyleneglycol (PEG), gamma butyrolactone, butoxytriglycol, N-methylpyrolidone (NMP), ethers, and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) or in the presence of a Water azeotroping solvent which is at least one selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, methylcyclohexane, methyl isobutyl ketone, hexane, cyclohexane and heptane.

15. The process of claim 12 , further comprising removing water from the liquid bottoms to increase concentration of MXS in the liquid bottoms.

16. The process of claim 12 , wherein cooling the bottoms comprises cooling the liquid bottoms in a first stage at 50-70° C., cooling the liquid bottoms at a second stage at 30-50° C. and cooling the liquid bottoms at a third stage at 10-30° C.

17. The process of claim 12 , wherein the salt of succinic acid is selected from the group consisting of DAS and MAS.