Hydrogen purifier module with membrane support
A hydrogen purifier utilizing a hydrogen-permeable membrane to purify hydrogen from mixed gases containing hydrogen is disclosed. Improved mechanical support for the permeable membrane is described, enabling forward or reverse differential pressurization of the membrane, which further stabilizes the membrane from wrinkling upon hydrogen uptake.
1. A hydrogen purification module, comprising;
a) An at least one hydrogen permeable membrane having two sides;
b) An inlet gas metallic member, effective to channel a hydrogen-containing inlet gas across a first side of said hydrogen permeable membrane, where the first side is normally pressurized in operation;
c) A hydrogen collector metallic member effective to receive permeated hydrogen gas from the second side of said hydrogen permeable membrane, where the second side is normally at a lower gas pressure than the first side;
d) A permeate metallic support member and an inlet gas metallic support member, joined to the inlet gas side and permeate side faces of hydrogen permeable membrane, respectively, to form an integral permeating structure of the three parts, where both permeate metallic support member and inlet gas metallic support member allow for the passage of gas through their structures;
where said inlet gas metallic member and hydrogen collector metallic members are operative to mechanically support said integral permeating structure when the differential gas pressure across integral permeating structure is either positive or negative.
2. A hydrogen purification module containing an integral permeating structure as claimed in claim 1 , where the permeate metallic support member and the inlet gas metallic support members are formed by selective chemical etching to allow for the passage of gas through their structures, and where the permeate metallic support member and the inlet gas metallic support members are joined to the hydrogen permeable membrane by cold welding, friction welding, cladding, diffusion bonding, transient-liquid phase bonding, brazing, or laser welding.
3. A hydrogen purification module containing an integral permeating structure as claimed in claim 2 , where the permeate metallic support member and the inlet gas metallic support members comprise an iron-containing alloy with an at least one plating or coating layer to facilitate diffusion bonding, where the plating or coating layer has a melting temperature of less than 1,500 Celsius, and the integral permeating structure is formed via diffusion bonding.
4. A hydrogen purification module containing an integral permeating structure as claimed in claim 3 , where the inlet gas metallic member is formed by selective chemical etching and the collector metallic member formed by selective chemical etching are comprised of an alloy containing iron, with an at least one plating or coating layer, where the plating layer has a melting temperature of less than 1,500 Celsius.
5. A hydrogen purification module, containing one or more purification module elements, each purification element comprising:
a) An at least one hydrogen permeable membrane having two sides;
b) An inlet gas metallic member, effective to channel a hydrogen-containing inlet gas across a first side of said hydrogen permeable membrane, where the first side is normally pressurized in operation;
c) A hydrogen collector metallic member effective to receive permeated hydrogen gas from the second side of said hydrogen permeable membrane, where the second side is normally at a lower gas pressure than the first side;
d) A permeate metallic support member and an inlet gas metallic support member, joined to the inlet gas side and permeate side faces of hydrogen permeable membrane, respectively, to form an integral permeating structure of the three parts, where both permeate metallic support member and inlet gas metallic support member allow for the passage of gas through their structures;
where said inlet gas metallic member and hydrogen collector metallic members are operative to mechanically support said integral permeating structure when the differential gas pressure across integral permeating structure is either positive or negative, and the hydrogen purification module further comprises:
e) compressive end plates with perimeter bolts for exerting a compressive force, where inlet gas arrives into the hydrogen purification module at least one compressive end plate, and the same gas stream exits via at least one compressive end plate after passing hydrogen to the hydrogen purification membrane, and the permeated hydrogen from the hydrogen collector metallic member is channeled to at least one compressive end plate for exiting the module;
f) an at least one compliant gasket between the compressive end plates and the at least one purification elements, operative to distribute pressure over the purification element and to form a seal where the inlet gas, exit gas, and permeated hydrogen gas are communicated to the compressive plate.
6. A hydrogen purification module as claimed in claim 5 containing a compressive seal, where the seal is formed of a material containing graphite.
7. A hydrogen purification module as claimed in claim 5 , where there are multiple purification elements, and each purification element has the same overall orientation within the hydrogen purification module.
8. A hydrogen purification module as claimed in claim 5 , containing multiple purification elements of an even number, where each element pair is arranged so that the hydrogen collector metallic members are proximal to each other.
9. A hydrogen purification module as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising an at least one additional compressive seal containing graphite, positioned between at least one of the purification elements.