Clay interlaced yeast compositions and methods of utilizing the same
The present invention relates to compositions comprising yeast cells and/or yeast cell components and methods for producing and utilizing the same. In particular, the invention provides novel yeast comprising altered cell wall structure (e.g., clay and/or clay component(s) integrated (e.g., interlaced) into cell wall(s) and/or cell wall(s) comprising altered glucan:mannan ratio), methods of producing the same, compositions comprising and/or derived from the same, and methods of using the same (e.g., to sequester and/or adsorb bacteria and toxins). Compositions and methods of the invention find use in a variety of applications including dietary (e.g., admixing with feedstuffs or otherwise feeding to animals), therapeutic, prophylactic (e.g. admixing with bedding sources and/or other materials that come into contact with animals, usage during food and beverage processing and manufacture, and usage during filtration of liquids) as well as research applications.
1. A composition comprising a clay interlaced yeast cell wall extract wherein the clay interlaced yeast cell wall extract is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(a) culturing Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in growth medium which comprises from 1% to 2.0% by weight of bentonite;
(b) rupturing or lysing the cultured Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells from (a), and
(c) separating or isolating the yeast cell wall from the soluble intracellular components of the lysed or ruptured cells of (b), thereby yielding the clay interlaced yeast cell wall extract.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein glass beads and a bead beater are utilized to prepare said yeast cell wall extract.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein enzymatic treatment is utilized to prepare said yeast cell wall extract.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is a feedstuff.
5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the feedstuff is selected from the group consisting of a Total Mixed Ration (TMR), a forage, a pellet, a concentrate, a premix, a coproduct, grain, distiller grain, molasses, fiber, fodder, grass, hay, kernel, leaves, meal, solubles, and a supplement.
6. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising organic material.
7. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising water.
8. The composition according to claim 1 , for use in filtering a liquid.
9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein said liquid is a juice, water, beer or wine.
10. The composition of claim 1 , formulated for feeding to any member of Kingdom Animalia.
11. The composition of claim 10 , wherein said member is selected from the group consisting of avian, bovine, porcine, equine, ovine, and caprine, piscines, shellfish, camelids, feline, canine, and rodent species.
12. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprising a clay interlaced yeast cell wall extract sequesters one or more mycotoxins.
13. The composition of claim 12 , wherein said one or more mycotoxins are mycotoxin is selected from the group consisting of Aflatoxins, Zearalenone, Trichothecenes, Fumonisins, and Ochratoxins.
14. The composition of claim 12 , wherein said one or more mycotoxins are selected from the group consisting of acetoxyscirpenediol, acetyldeoxynivalenol, acetylnivalenol, acetylneosolaniol, acetyl T-2 toxin, extended to all aflatoxins, aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2, aflatrem, altenuic acid, alternariol, austdiol, austamide, austocystin, avenacein +1, beauvericin +2, bentenolide, brevianamide, butenolide, calonectrin, chaetoglobosin, chaetocin, chaetomin, citrinin, citreoviridin, cochliodinol, cytochalasins, cyclopiazonic acid, deacetylcalonectrin, deactylneosolaniol, deoxynivalenol diacetate, deoxynivalenol monoacetate, diacetoxyscirpenol, destruxin B, emestrin, enniatins, extended to all ergot alkaloids toxins and endophytes such as ergine, ergocornine, ergocristine, ergocryptine, ergometrine, ergonine, ergosine, ergotamine, ergovaline, lysergol, lysergic acid, and related epimers, fructigenin +1, fumagilin, fumonisins, fumonisins A1, A2, B1 and B2 and B3, fusarenon-X, fusarochromanone, fusaric acid, fusarin, gliotoxin, HT-2 toxin, hyalodendrin, ipomeanine, islanditoxin, isofumigaclavines A and B, lateritin +1, leptosin, lycomarasmin +1, malformin, maltoryzine, moniliformin, monoacetoxyscirpenol, mycophenolic acid, neosolaniol, nivalenol, NT-1 toxin, NT-2 toxin, extended to all ochratoxins, oosporein, oxalic acid, paspalitrem A and B, patulin, penicillic acid, penitrem, phomopsins, PR-toxin, roridin E, roquefortine A and B, rubratoxin, rubroskyrin, rubrosulphin, rugulosin, sambucynin +1, satratoxins, F,G,H, scirpentriol, sirodesmin, slaframine, sporidesmin, sterigmatocystin, swainsonine, T-1 toxin, T-2 toxin, tenuazoic acid, triacetoxyscirpendiol extended to all trichothecenes, trichodermin, trichothecin, trichoverrins, trichoverrols, tryptoquivalene, verrucarin, verruculogen, verticillins, viopurpurin, viomellein, viriditoxin, wortmannin, xanthocillin, yavanicin+1, zearalenols, zearalanones, zearalenone, α,β, zearalanone, α, β, zeranol and subfamilies and/or derivatives of the same, and/or conjugates.
15. An animal feedstuff comprising the clay interlaced yeast cell wall extract according to claim 1 , wherein said clay interlaced yeast cell wall extract is present in an amount effective to sequester mycotoxins.
16. The animal feedstuff according to claim 15 , wherein said clay interlaced yeast cell wall extract is present in an amount of about 0.0125% to about 10% of the feed.
17. The animal feedstuff according to claim 15 , wherein said clay interlaced yeast cell wall extract is present in an amount of about 0.0125% to about 4.0% by weight of the feed.