Fuel cell device and method of operating the same
Fuel cell device comprising a fuel cell assembly with at least one polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and a fuel delivery means for providing a fuel flow. The device is provided with means for pre burning adapted to burn fuel entering the fuel cell assembly during the start up phase until the fuel flow is increased to a predetermined level and/or the oxygen concentration is decreased to a predetermined level. A method of operating the assembly comprises the steps of initiating the start up phase by causing the fuel delivery means to deliver a fuel flow, whereby a means for pre burning burns off fuel entering the fuel cell assembly, monitoring the fuel flow and/or the oxygen concentration and when the fuel flow is increased to a predetermined level and/or the oxygen concentration is decreased to a predetermined.
1. A fuel cell device comprising a fuel cell assembly with at least one polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, and a hydrogen delivery means for providing a hydrogen flow, wherein the device is provided with means for pre burning adapted to burn fuel in a fuel and oxygen mixture entering the fuel cell assembly on an anode side until at least one of the fuel flow is increased to a predetermined level and the oxygen concentration in said mixture is decreased to a predetermined level.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the device comprises means for switching to power generation when said predetermined level(s) have been reached.
3. The device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising an electronic control circuit for controlling the operation of the device.
4. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the means for pre-burning is selected from a catalytic device and a dedicated fuel cell.
5. The device as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the means for pre-burning is a catalytic device and comprises a porous material on the surface of which there is provided a catalytic material.
6. The device as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the means for pre-burning is a fuel cell and comprises a resistor short-circuiting the cell.
7. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the means for pre-burning comprises at least one of the fuel cells in the fuel cell assembly and wherein the electronic circuitry is adapted to switch the operation of said fuel cell(s) from pre burning to power burning when said predetermined level(s) have been reached.
8. A method of operating a fuel cell device, the fuel cell device comprising a fuel cell assembly with at least one polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, a fuel delivery means for providing a fuel flow, the device being operable in two phases, a first start up phase and a second power generating phase, the method comprising the steps of: initiating the start up phase by causing the fuel delivery means to deliver a fuel flow, whereby a means for pre-burning burns off fuel entering the fuel cell assembly; and when at least one of the fuel flow is increased to a predetermined level and the oxygen concentration is decreased to a predetermined level, switching from start up phase to power generating phase.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8 , further comprising at least one of monitoring the fuel flow and the oxygen concentration.
10. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the means for pre-burning is a dedicated fuel cell provided before the fuel cell assembly, and the monitoring of the levels is performed by measuring the voltage of said dedicated fuel cell.
11. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the means for pre-burning is one or more of the fuel cells in the fuel cell assembly and the monitoring of the levels is performed by measuring the voltage of a cell in said fuel cell assembly.
12. The device as claimed in claim 2 , further comprising an electronic control circuit for controlling the operation of the device.
13. The device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the means for pre-burning is selected from a catalytic device and a dedicated fuel cell.
14. The device as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the means for pre-burning is selected from a catalytic device and a dedicated fuel cell.
15. The method as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the means for pre-burning is a dedicated fuel cell provided before the fuel cell assembly, and the monitoring of the levels is performed by measuring the voltage of said dedicated fuel cell.