Procedures for vascular occlusion
A method of reducing blood flow within an aneurysm includes: injecting a contrast agent into a blood vessel including an aneurysm; deploying an occlusion device across the aneurysm; producing an image of the aneurysm including the contrast agent; and withdrawing the delivery device from the vessel after observing that the aneurysm has been obstructed by a desired amount. The image may be two-dimensional or three-dimensional. Observing that the aneurysm has been obstructed may include determining a degree of obstruction, for example by comparing an area or volume of the contrast agent in a first image and a second image. The desired amount may be a certain degree of obstruction, identification of a shape indicative of stasis such as a flat surface, an approximate hemisphere, a mushroom, or a crescent. If the occlusion device does not achieve the desired amount, a second occluding device may be deployed.
1. A method of reducing blood flow within an aneurysm, the method comprising:
injecting a contrast agent into a blood vessel comprising an aneurysm;
deploying a stent from a delivery system across the aneurysm;
producing an image of the aneurysm including the contrast agent; and
withdrawing the delivery system from the vessel after observing that the aneurysm has thrombosed by less than 70% of a volume of a body of the aneurysm, as viewed on the image;
wherein, after withdrawing the delivery device, substantially all of the body progressively thromboses.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein producing the image comprises fluoroscopy.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the observing comprises comparing a first image of the aneurysm before deploying the stent to a second image of the aneurysm after deploying the stent.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein comparing the first image to the second image comprises comparing an area or volume of the contrast agent in the first image to an area or volume of the contrast agent in the second image.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the observing comprises observing that the aneurysm has thrombosed by between about 50% and 70%.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the observing comprises observing that the aneurysm has thrombosed by between about 20% and 70% of a volume of the body.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the observing comprises observing that the aneurysm has thrombosed in a shape indicative of thrombosis.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the shape comprises at least one of a flat surface, an approximate hemisphere, a mushroom, and a crescent.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising deploying a second stent across the aneurysm.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein deploying the second stent comprises deploying the second stent at least partially within the stent.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising withdrawing the stent from the vessel after observing that the aneurysm has not been thrombosed by at least 30% of a volume of the body.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining whether a branch vessel has been thrombosed.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein withdrawing the delivery device from the vessel comprises releasing the stent from the delivery device.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stent is a porous stent.
15. A method of reducing blood flow within an aneurysm, the method comprising:
injecting a contrast agent into a blood vessel comprising an aneurysm;
deploying a stent from a delivery device across the aneurysm, whereby the aneurysm thromboses by less than 70% of a volume of the aneurysm to form a shape;
producing an image of the aneurysm including the contrast agent;
observing the shape formed by the contrast agent after deploying the stent; and
withdrawing the delivery device from the vessel after observing the shape.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the shape comprises a flat surface.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the shape comprises an approximate hemisphere.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the shape comprises a mushroom.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the shape comprises a crescent.
20. A method of implanting a stent at an aneurysm, the method comprising:
providing an elongate body comprising a proximal portion, a distal portion, and a lumen extending between the proximal portion and the distal portion;
advancing the elongate body into the patient until the distal portion is adjacent to the aneurysm;
delivering a stent across the aneurysm from within the lumen at the distal portion of the elongate body, wherein delivering the stent comprises expanding the stent from a compressed configuration to an expanded configuration with a first location distal to the aneurysm and a second location proximal to the aneurysm;
observing partial thrombosis of between about 30% and about 70% of the aneurysm caused by delivering the stent across the aneurysm; and
withdrawing the elongate body from the patient with the expanded stent remaining across the aneurysm once the observed partial thrombosis produces a persistent shape indicative of thrombosis in the aneurysm.
21. A method of reducing blood flow within an aneurysm, the method comprising:
injecting a contrast agent into a blood vessel comprising an aneurysm, at least a portion of the contrast agent flowing into the aneurysm;
deploying a stent from a delivery device across the aneurysm, whereby between about 30% and about 70% of the volume in the aneurysm thromboses;
producing an image of the aneurysm including the portion of the volume that has thrombosed;
observing a shape formed by the portion of the volume that has thrombosed in the aneurysm after deploying the stent; and
withdrawing the delivery device from the vessel after observing the shape.