Rotary piston internal combustion engine
View Patent ↗A rotary piston internal combustion engine of the Wankel type has a housing ( 1 ) with a two lobed epitrochoidal inner peripheral surface ( 14 ) a shaft ( 8 ) journalled in end casings ( 3, 4 ), a rotor ( 9 ) eccentrically mounted on the shaft ( 8 ) and geared to rotate at one third speed of the shaft ( 8 ) whereby working chambers ( 34, 35, 36 ) are formed between flanks of the rotor ( 9 ) and the end casings ( 3, 4 ), which chambers vary in volume as the rotor ( 9 ) rotates, the rotor ( 9 ) being cooled by a cooling medium in a generally closed cooling circuit, the medium being circulated by a circulating pump ( 27 ), via connecting passageways ( 20, 18 ) in the end casings ( 3, 4 ) and an internal passageway ( 21 ) of the rotor ( 9 ), and through an external cooling heat exchanger ( 24 ), the cooling medium being blow-by gasses from the high pressure working chambers, which gasses have leaked past the rotor side seals ( 26 ) into the rotor cooling passages.
1. A rotary piston internal combustion engine including a housing having a two lobed epitrochoidal inner peripheral surface, end casings for the housing, an output shaft journalled in the end casings, a three flanked rotary piston within the housing mounted on the shaft eccentrically with respect thereto and geared to rotate at one third speed of the output shaft whereby working chambers are formed between the rotor flanks and the inner surface of the housing, the rotor having side seals which engage with inner side faces of the end casings, a cooling circuit around which a cooling medium is circulated for cooling the rotor, the cooling circuit including at least one internal passageway provided in the rotor and a passageway in each end casing, the internal passageway of the rotor and the passageways of the end casings aligning as the rotor rotates, and the cooling circuit further including a cooling heat exchanger, a circulating pump and connecting ducting, the cooling medium being provided by blow-by gasses which have leaked from the working chambers past at least one of the side seals of the rotor to the cooling circuit.
2. An engine as in claim 1 wherein the cooling circuit is generally closed and the blow-by gasses in the rotor internal passages operate at pressures higher than the external ambient air pressure.
3. An engine as in claim 1 wherein the cooling circuit includes a pressure relief valve to control the maximum pressure of the blow-by gasses in the cooling circuit.
4. An engine as in claim 1 further comprising an oil-metering pump supplying lubricating oil into the blow-by gasses to provide lubrication.
5. An engine as in claim 4 further comprising journal bearing wherein the shaft is supported by the journal bearings in the end casings, one of the bearings being an upstream bearing adjacent a position where the cooling medium passes from the passageway in the end casing, into the internal passageway of the rotor, and the initial entry of the lubricating oil into the cooling circuit is via the journal bearing in the upstream end casing.
6. An engine as in claim 1 wherein the circulating pump of the cooling circuit is driven from the engine output shaft.
7. An engine as in claim 1 wherein the rotor includes first, second and third apex seals each of which engages the epitrochoidal inner peripheral surface as the rotor rotates, and one side seal extending from at or adjacent the first apex seal to at or adjacent the second apex seal, a second side seal extending from at or adjacent the second apex seal to at or adjacent the third apex seal, and the third side seal extending from at or adjacent the third apex seal to at our adjacent the first apex seal.
8. An engine according to claim 7 wherein at least one of the end casings affords a leakage path for blow-by gasses to leak from a working chamber past the side seal into the cooling circuit.
9. An engine according to claim 1 wherein the cooling heat exchanger is cooled by ambient air.
10. An engine according to claim 1 wherein the cooling heat exchanger is cooled by water.
11. An engine according to claim 8 where in the leakage path is defined by a recess in at least one end casing.
12. An engine according to claim 9 where in the ambient air is ram air.