Elevated temperature forming method and preheater apparatus
An elevated temperature forming system in which a sheet metal workpiece is provided in a first stage position of a multi-stage pre-heater, is heated to a first stage temperature lower than a desired pre-heat temperature, is moved to a final stage position where it is heated to a desired final stage temperature, is transferred to a forming press, and is formed by the forming press. The preheater includes upper and lower platens that transfer heat into workpieces disposed between the platens. A shim spaces the upper platen from the lower platen by a distance greater than a thickness of the workpieces to be heated by the platens and less than a distance at which the upper platen would require an undesirably high input of energy to effectively heat the workpiece without being pressed into contact with the workpiece.
1. A preheater apparatus for preparing sheet metal workpieces for forming, the apparatus comprising:
a lower platen having a generally planar upper surface and configured to transfer heat into a workpiece carried on the upper surface;
an upper platen disposed above the lower platen and having a generally planar lower surface disposed generally parallel to and spaced from the upper surface of the lower platen forming a gap between the platens, the upper platen being configured to transfer heat into a workpiece disposed between the upper platen and the lower platen, the upper and lower platens being disk-shaped and supported for co-rotation on a common axis;
a shim spacing the lower surface of the upper platen from the upper surface of the lower platen by a distance greater than a thickness of a sheet metal workpiece to be heated by the platens, the shim being arranged to at least partially define a blank path for serially receiving, passing, and removing workpieces from between the platens while maintaining a constant desired gap distance between the upper and lower platens; and
a circumferentially-spaced workpiece receptacle positioned between the platens, each such receptacle position being configured to receive a workpiece at an input station, to heat the workpiece to a desired temperature, and to carry the workpiece via platen rotation to an output station.
2. A preheater apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which the preheater includes an ejector adjacent each workpiece receptacle position configured to move a workpiece radially outward when the workpiece has been rotated to the output station.
3. A preheater apparatus for preparing sheet metal workpieces for forming, the apparatus comprising:
a lower platen having a generally planar upper surface and configured to transfer heat into a workpiece carried on the upper surface;
an upper platen disposed above the lower platen and having a generally planar lower surface disposed generally parallel to and spaced from the upper surface of the lower platen forming a gap between the platens, the upper platen being configured to transfer heat into a workpiece disposed between the upper platen and the lower platen;
a shim spacing the lower surface of the upper platen from the upper surface of the lower platen by a distance greater than a thickness of a sheet metal workpiece to be heated by the platens, the shim being arranged to at least partially define a blank path for serially receiving, passing, and removing workpieces from between the platens while maintaining a constant desired gap distance between the upper and lower platens; and
an end-effector configured to be carried by a transfer mechanism and to engage and retain a sheet metal workpiece for transport, the end-effector being configured to transfer heat to the metal workpiece.
4. A preheater apparatus as defined in claim 3 in which:
the preheater includes at least one additional shim;
each shim has a thickness equal to a desired gap distance between the upper and lower platens;
the shims include respective inner facing surfaces positioned generally parallel to one another between the upper and lower platens at a distance from one another slightly greater than a width of sheet metal workpieces to be passed between them, further defining the blank path.
5. A preheater apparatus as defined in claim 3 in which the preheater includes at least one spacer having a thickness less than the desired gap distance and configured to be disposable between successive sheet metal workpieces as the workpieces are being pushed along the blank path.
6. A preheater apparatus as defined in claim 3 in which the preheater includes at least one additional blank path extending generally parallel to the first blank path.
7. A preheater apparatus as defined in claim 3 in which the platens include at least two temperature zones arranged serially along the blank path and configured to raise workpieces to successively higher temperatures as the workpieces are moved along the blank path.
8. A preheater apparatus as defined in claim 3 in which the platens include a single temperature zone configured to raise workpieces to a desired temperature.
9. A preheater apparatus as defined in claim 3 in which the end-effector is configured to engage and retain the metal workpiece via suction.
10. A preheater apparatus as defined in claim 9 in which the end-effector includes a perforated metal panel having a back side configured to provide fluid communication between perforations of the panel and a vacuum source.