High-strength steel sheet and galvanized steel sheet having very good balance between hole expansibility and ductility, and also excellent in fatigue resistance, and methods of producing the steel sheets
The invention is directed to providing, for application in automobiles, construction materials, household appliances and the like, high-strength sheets excellent in formability properties such as hole expansibility and ductility, and also in fatigue resistance, characterized in comprising, in specified contents expressed in mass %, C, Si, Mn, P, S, Al, N and O and a balance of iron and unavoidable impurities, and having a steel sheet structure composed mainly of ferrite and hard structures, a crystal orientation difference between some ferrite adjacent to hard structures and the hard structures of less than 9°, and a maximum tensile strength of 540 MPa or greater.
1. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having very good balance between hole expansibility and ductility, and also excellent in fatigue resistance, characterized in:
comprising, in mass %,
C: 0.05% to 0.20%,
Si: 0.3 to 2.0%,
Mn: 1.3 to 2.6%,
P: 0.001 to 0.03%,
S: 0.0001 to 0.01%,
Al: 2.0% or less,
N: 0.0005 to 0.0100%,
O: 0.0005 to 0.007%, and
a balance of iron and unavoidable impurities; and
having a steel sheet structure composed mainly of, in vol %, ferrite: greater than 50% and hard structure: 5% or greater,
wherein said hard structure is composed of bainite, martensite, and residual austenite, and 50% or greater, in vol %, of the entire hard structure has a crystal orientation difference between some ferrite adjacent to hard structure and the hard structure of less than 9°, and a maximum tensile strength of 540 MPa or greater,
wherein said crystal structure orientation difference is a value composed of both a [1-1-1] crystal orientation difference and a crystal orientation difference in the direction normal to the (110) plane.
2. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having very good balance between hole expansibility and ductility, and also excellent in fatigue resistance, according to claim 1 , further comprising, in mass %, B: 0.0001 to less than 0.010%.
3. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having very good balance between hole expansibility and ductility, and also excellent in fatigue resistance, according to claim 1 , further comprising, in mass %, one or two or more of:
Cr: 0.01 to 1.0%,
Ni: 0.01 to 1.0%,
Cu: 0.01 to 1.0%, and
Mo: 0.01 to 1.0%.
4. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having very good balance between hole expansibility and ductility, and also excellent in fatigue resistance, according to claim 1 , further comprising, in mass %, one or two or more of Nb, Ti and V in a total of 0.001 to 0.14%.
5. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having very good balance between hole expansibility and ductility, and also excellent in fatigue resistance, according to claim 1 , further comprising, in mass %, one or two or more of Ca, Ce, Mg, and REM in a total of 0.0001 to 0.5%.
6. A high-strength galvanized cold rolled steel sheet having very good balance between hole expansibility and ductility, and also excellent in fatigue resistance, comprising a steel sheet in accordance with claim 1 having a zinc-based plating on its surface.
7. A method of producing a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having very good balance between hole expansibility and ductility, and also excellent in fatigue resistance, characterized in heating a cast slab having a chemical composition in accordance with claim 1 , directly or after once cooling, to 1,050° C. or greater; completing hot rolling at or above Ar3 transformation point; coiling in a temperature range of 400 to 670° C.; pickling followed by cold rolling reduction of 40 to 70%; during passage through a continuous annealing line, heating at a heating rate (HR1) of 2.5 to 15° C./sec between 200 and 600° C. and a heating rate (HR2) of (0.6×HR1)° C./sec or less between 600° C. and maximum heating temperature; annealing with the maximum heating temperature set at 760° C. to Ac3 transformation point; cooling between 630° C. and 570° C. at an average cooling rate of 3° C./sec or greater; and holding in a temperature range of 450° C. to 300° C. for 30 sec or greater.
8. A method of producing a high-strength hot-dip galvanized cold rolled steel sheet having very good balance between hole expansibility and ductility, and also excellent in fatigue resistance, characterized in heating a cast slab having a chemical composition in accordance with any of claim 1 , directly or after once cooling, to 1,050° C. or greater; completing hot rolling at or above Ar3 transformation point; coiling in a temperature range of 400 to 670° C.; pickling followed by cold rolling reduction of 40 to 70%; during passage through a continuous hot-dip galvanizing line, heating at a heating rate (HR1) of 2.5 to 15° C./sec between 200 and 600° C. and a heating rate (HR2) of (0.6×HR1)° C./sec or less between 600° C. and maximum heating temperature; annealing with the maximum heating temperature set at 760° C. to Ac3 transformation point; cooling between 630° C. and 570° C. at an average cooling rate of 3° C./sec or greater to a temperature of (galvanizing bath temperature −40)° C. to (galvanizing bath temperature +50)° C.; and holding in a temperature range of (galvanizing bath temperature +50)° C. to 300° C. for 30 sec or greater either before or after or both before and after immersion in the galvanizing bath.
9. A method of producing a high-strength alloyed hot-dip galvanized cold rolled steel sheet having very good balance between hole expansibility and ductility, and also excellent in fatigue resistance, characterized in heating a cast slab having a chemical composition in accordance with claim 1 , directly or after once cooling, to 1,050° C. or greater; completing hot rolling at or above Ar3 transformation point; coiling in a temperature range of 400 to 670° C.; pickling followed by cold rolling reduction of 40 to 70%; during passage through a continuous hot-dip galvanizing line, heating at a heating rate (HR1) of 2.5 to 15° C./sec between 200 and 600° C. and a heating rate (HR2) of (0.6×HR1)° C./sec or less between 600° C. and maximum heating temperature; annealing with the maximum heating temperature set at 760° C. to Ac3 transformation point; cooling between 630° C. and 570° C. at an average cooling rate of 3° C./sec or greater to a temperature of (galvanizing bath temperature −40)° C. to (galvanizing bath temperature +50)° C.; conducting alloying treatment at a temperature of 460 to 540° C. as required, and holding in a temperature range of (galvanizing bath temperature +50)° C. to 300° C. for 30 sec or greater before or after immersion in the galvanizing bath or after alloying treatment or in total.
10. A method of producing a high-strength electro-galvanized cold rolled steel sheet having very good balance between hole expansibility and ductility, and also excellent in fatigue resistance, characterized in electro-galvanizing a steel sheet produced in accordance with the method of claim 7 .