Maintaining time-division multiplexing over pseudowire connections during network outages
Various exemplary embodiments relate to a provider edge node and a related method. The provider edge node may include a receiver that receives at least one packet transmitted over a TDM pseudowire using a structure-agnostic transmission mechanism. The provider edge node may also include a physical interface configured to output frames to a corresponding customer edge (CE) device and a machine-readable storage medium that stores a TDM framing type corresponding to the physical interface. Finally, the provider edge node may include a circuit emulation engine that, during periods in which a network error has occurred, transmits a plurality of frames to the CE device over the physical interface. A TDM data payload of each frame may include an idle pattern, while a group of framing bits of the plurality of frames may define a framing pattern corresponding to the TDM framing type stored for the physical interface.
1. A network node configured for use in a packet-switched network including a Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM) pseudowire, the network node comprising:
a receiver configured to receive at least one packet transmitted over the TDM pseudowire using a structure-agnostic transmission mechanism, wherein a data payload of the at least one packet comprises a framing bit and a TDM data payload;
a physical interface configured to output frames to a corresponding customer edge (CE) device;
a non-transitory storage medium configured to store a TDM framing type corresponding to the physical interface; and
a circuit emulation processor that during periods of normal operation, is configured to transmit frames corresponding to the data payload of the at least one packet to the CE device over the physical interface, and, during periods in which a network error has occurred, is configured to transmit a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes a framing bit, to the CE device over the physical interface, wherein a TDM data payload of each frame includes an idle pattern, a group of framing bits of the plurality of frames defines a framing pattern corresponding to the TDM framing type stored for the physical interface,
and a predefined framing type is used for the physical interface when the network error has occurred.
2. The network node of claim 1 , wherein the structure-agnostic transmission mechanism is implemented according to Structure-Agnostic Time Division Multiplexing over Packet (SAToP).
3. The network node of claim 1 , wherein the idle pattern consists of a plurality of bits set to the value “1.”
4. The network node of claim 1 , wherein a network operator predefines the TDM framing type corresponding to the physical interface based on knowledge of a carrier system used by the CE device.
5. The network node of claim 4 , wherein the carrier system is selected from a group consisting of T1, E1, T3, and E3.
6. The network node of claim 4 , wherein the carrier system is T1 and the TDM framing type is selected from a group consisting of T1 Superframes (T1-SF) and T1 Extended Superframes (T1-ESF).
7. The network node of claim 4 , wherein the carrier system is E1 and the TDM framing type is selected from a group consisting of E1 Double Framing and E1 Multi-Framing.
8. The network node of claim 4 , wherein the carrier system is T3 and the TDM framing type is selected from a group consisting of M13 Asynchronous Framing and C-Bit Parity Framing.
9. The network node of claim 4 , wherein the carrier system is E3 and the TDM framing type is selected from a group consisting of G.751 Framing and G.832 Framing.
10. The network node of claim 1 , wherein the network error is caused by at least one of a failure of an attachment circuit to which a TDM transmitter is coupled, a switchover from the TDM transmitter to a new TDM transmitter, a loss of one or more packets transmitted over the TDM pseudowire, and a buffer underrun in a playout buffer of the network node.
11. A method of maintaining a Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM) connection over a TDM pseudowire, the method comprising:
storing, in a network node, a correspondence between a physical interface of the network node and a TDM framing type used for frames outputted to a customer edge (CE) device over the physical interface;
receiving, in the network node, at least one packet transmitted over the TDM pseudowire using a structure-agnostic transmission mechanism, wherein a data payload of the at least one packet comprises a framing bit and a TDM data payload;
predefining a framing type to be used for the physical interface when a network error has occurred;
during periods of normal operation, transmitting frames corresponding to the data payload of the at least one packet to the CE device over the physical interface; and
during periods in which the network error has occurred, transmitting a plurality of frames, wherein each frame includes a framing bit, according to the predefined framing type to the CE device over the physical interface, wherein a TDM data payload of each frame includes an idle pattern, and a group of framing bits of the plurality of frames defines a framing pattern corresponding to the TDM framing type stored for the physical interface.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
implementing the structure-agnostic transmission mechanism according to Structure-Agnostic Time Division Multiplexing over Packet (SAToP).
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the idle pattern consists of a plurality of bits set to the value “1.”
14. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
predefining the TDM framing type corresponding to the physical interface based on knowledge of a carrier system used by the CE device.
15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
selecting the carrier system from a group consisting of T1, E1, T3, and E3.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the carrier system is T1 and further comprising:
selecting the TDM framing type from a group consisting of T1 Superframes (T1-SF) and T1 Extended Superframes (T1-ESF).
17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the carrier system is E1 and further comprising:
selecting the TDM framing type from the group consisting of E1 Double Framing and E1 Multi-Framing.
18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the carrier system is T3 and further comprising:
selecting the TDM framing type from a group consisting of M13 Asynchronous Framing and C-Bit Parity Framing.
19. The method of claim 14 , wherein the carrier system is E3 and further comprising:
selecting the TDM framing type from a group consisting of G.751 Framing and G.832 Framing.
20. The method of claim 11 , wherein the network error is caused by at least one of a failure of an attachment circuit to which a TDM transmitter is coupled, a switchover from the TDM transmitter to a new TDM transmitter, a loss of one or more packets transmitted over the TDM pseudowire, and a buffer underrun in a playout buffer of the network node.